During the time between 800 and 200 BCE the Sramana movement formed, from which originated Jainism and Buddhism. In the same period the first Upanishads were written. After 500 BCE, the so-called “Second urbanisation” started, with new urban settlements arising at the Ganges plain, especially the Central Ganges plain. The Central Ganges Plain, where Magadha…
The Peloponnesian War, a three-decade-long conflict between the Spartans and Athenians, concluded in 404 B.C. with a Spartan victory and significant devastation to Athens. Despite the win, the impact of the Persian Achaemenid Empire's involvement was significant. The Persians supported both sides bu
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