about solutions as something that you study basically full-time? yeah, i ll tell you what i think doesn t work and what works. and i want to begin by saying we have to hear from impacted communities about their concept of public safety. what doesn t work, what we always do in moments like this is we get tough through policing and decide to conduct lots of stops, pedestrian stops, stop and frisk, automobile stops. and all this does is angers the communities that the police need cooperation from to deal with the violence in those communities. what does work is there are a lot of community-based interventions, things like cure violence, credible messengers who can step in and deal with the violence. we ve also seen job programs for young men in the inner city and after school programs. all of these things are demonstrated to bring down violence, and that s the direction you need to be looking. amber goodwin and barry