The European Central Bank (ECB) is the central bank of the 19 European Union countries which have adopted the euro. Our main task is to maintain price stability in the euro area and so preserve the purchasing power of the single currency.
The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 requires states to allow eligible persons to register to vote at various government locations, including public assistance offices. Since the initial reporting period (1995-1996), the number of persons registering to vote at public assistance offices has declined. This trend has led some to speculate that the states are failing to provide welfare recipients with the opportunity to register to vote at public assistance offices. However, other possible explanations include declining welfare caseloads caused by welfare reform in 1996.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most serious health issues and the leading cause of death worldwide in both developed and developing countries. The risk factors for CVD include demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, environmental, and physiological factors. However, the spatial distribution of these risk factors, as well as CVD mortality, are not uniformly distributed across countries. Therefore, the goal of this study is to compare and evaluate some models commonly used in mortality and health studies to investigate whether the CVD mortality rates in the adult population (over 30 years of age) of a country are associated with the characteristics of surrounding countries from 2013 to 2017. We present the spatial distribution of the age-standardized crude mortality rate from cardiovascular disease, as well as conduct an exploratory data analysis (EDA) to obtain a basic understanding of the behavior of the variables of interest. Then, we apply the ordinary least squa
Health risk communication plays a key role in promoting self-protective measures, which are critical in suppressing COVID-19 contagion. Relatively little is known about the communication channels used by rural poor populations to learn novel measures and their effectiveness in promoting self-protective behaviors. Behavioral change can be shaped by people’s trust in government institutions which may be differentiated by social identity, including indigeneity. During an early phase of the pandemic, we conducted two telephone surveys with over 460 communities – both Indigenous and mestizo – without road access and limited communication access in the Peruvian Amazon. This is the first report on the association of information sources about self-protective measures against COVID-19 with the adoption of self-protective behaviors in remote rural areas in developing countries. People mainly relied on mass media (radio, television, newspapers) and interpersonal sources (local a
The electricity crisis in Pakistan is triggering grid power outage (load shedding) for many decades, which has not only affected the commercial and industrial sectors but also the domestic sector, specifically the livelihood of rural areas of the country. However, the extant literature advocates that renewable energy technologies, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) can be the remedy. Given the abundantly availability of solar energy in Pakistan that can be converted into electrical energy using solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, this study examines the determinants of solar PV adoption in rural areas of Pakistan. Our preliminary investigations – using government/official publications – indicate that despite a huge potential of solar energy in Pakistan, the usage of solar PV at household level in rural areas is still untapped, which makes this research agenda more appealing and provocative. In doing so, this study first conducts surveys, face-to-face comprehensive interviews, and questio