that way since the war of 1812 so we thought of internal security and external security. as a matter of fact, we did not even have an organisation that was responsible for internal security. everybody else s ministry of interior kind of did what our fbi did plus. 0ur interior department does indian reservations and national parks and so we had to create a homeland security department. we now have a counterterrorism centre that actually merges internal and external intelligence and so, we ve made some structural changes but i am worried about the loss of the eyes and ears on the ground in afghanistan, which gave us a way of dealing with terrorists and of making sure that the highly sophisticated, highly disciplined organisation that did 911 would not re emerge again. that worries me. 9/11. but i am glad that we
pupils have gone on to become doctors, engineers. aisha misbah has worked here for the past a0 years. this time round, the taliban are allowing girls to get an education, but all secondary school classes are currently paused, awaiting new rules from the group. pupils here face other challenges, too. pleas to the previous government for new buildings went unanswered. educating generations of young afghan girls and boys has been one of the main achievements
afghanistan and could potentially harbour al-qaeda again? potentially harbour al-qaeda a . ain? . potentially harbour al-qaeda aiain? ., . ., again? there are certain structural again? there are certain structural changes - again? there are certain structural changes that i again? there are certain l structural changes that we again? there are certain - structural changes that we have made to the way that we think about and share intelligence. the united states had not been attacked on its territory that way since the war of 1812, so we thought of internal security and external security. as a matter of fact, we didn t even have an organisation that was responsible for internal security. everybody else ministry of interior did what our fbi debt plus, our interior department does indian reservations and national parks, and so we had to create a homeland security department. we now have a counterterrorism centre that actually merges internal and external intelligence, and so we have made
and americans were united and most of the rest of the world stood with america. the taliban in power in afghanistan, who d harboured the al-qaeda terrorists, would be driven from power and the us would try to replace the warlords with democracy. but 20 years on, america has abandoned afghanistan. i think we re still the greatest democracy in the history of the world, but we are not shining the way we used to shine, and, yes, we are tarnished. i do think it has been a defeat for the pride of america and the respect that we have had around the world. 20 years ago, america was never more united. two decades on and the terrorist threat largely quelled, and america has never been more divided. the way we came together was. it was awe inspiring.
africa. and that was time well spent. but yes, i m saddened that we didn t have the patience to leave a few thousand troops in afghanistan who could have helped to prevent the collapse of the government of afghanistan and who could have continued to keep an eye on and ears on the threat that can emanate from there. ., ., ., . budding young musicians in brazil who don t normally have access to instruments have now got a chance to fulfil their dreams thanks to some creative recycling of plastic waste. the bbc s tim allman explains. ivan da silva 0liveira is a craftsman, but he s a craftsman working with an unusual medium. he makes stringed instruments violins, cellos, that sort of thing but he makes them out of old pvc pipes. instruments like this can be