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Objectives Increased risks of bladder cancer and mesothelioma were the strongest evidence for the recent reclassification of firefighting as carcinogenic (Group 1) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Our study aim was to develop indicators for specific firefighting exposures and examine associations with urinary tract cancer (UTC), including bladder cancer. Methods We developed indicators for exposure from employment at a fire department or in firefighting jobs, to fire and smoke, and to diesel exhaust for men in the Norwegian Fire Departments Cohort (n=4250). Incident UTC cases were obtained from the Cancer Registry of Norway (1960–2021). Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) with cumulative exposures grouped into tertiles (reference: lowest exposed tertile) with 0-year, 10-year and 15-year lagging of exposures. Results During 125 090 person-years of follow-up, there were 76 cases of UTC. IRRs were mostly non-significantly increased

Kristina kjInternational classification of diseasesInternational agency for research on cancerNorwegian cancer societyNorwegian labour inspection authorityRegional committee forHealth research ethicsNational population registerInternational agencyNorwegian fire departments cohortWorking groupNorwegian population registerDeath registryCancer registryInternational classificationNorwegian directorate