A child in need of care and protection under the JJ Act is a child who either does not have a guardian or whose guardian is incapable of taking care of the child, the Court explained.
A non-cognizable offence is where the police cannot register FIR or conduct investigation into the offences without explicit directions from the courts
In cases where the accused is known, the registration of e-FIR should be permitted only for cognizable offences where punishment is up to three years, the Commission suggested.