The certificate delays his extradition to Uzbekistan and could lead to the granting of refugee status. But in practice, the country rarely grants refugee status to anyone.
Muratbai has been a vital voice in calling attention to Uzbekistan’s persecution of the Karakalpak people. His detention in Kazakhstan is yet another warning shot.
Karakalpakstan has a constitutional right to secede from Uzbekistan via referendum, but calling for such a vote results in immense pressure and often prison terms.