power, more efficient offshore wind, and with every one of these turbines that goes out, you re saving about 52,000 metric tons of c02, which is like taking 11,000 vehicles off the road. wow, that is pretty, pretty impressive. henry, look, i want to turn back to solar for a second. perovskite is the material you ve been working on. what is it, how does it work, and why is it such an improvement and such a possibility for the revolution of solar power? perovskite is a crystal structure. one of the unique aspects of them is because they re composed of three different ions, we can actually change the composition of these ions and that changes the optical properties and electronic properties of this material. this means that instead of using a single material to absorb the sunlight, we can actually tune the perovskite to absorb in different regions and stack these materials on top of each other. now, this stacking of solar cells on top of each other we call multi junctions, and the simples
cells on top of each other we call multi junctions, and the simplest multi junction is a tandem cell, two solar cells on top of each other. and the perovskite we tune to match perfectly silicon. it absorbs only the visible light and we let the silicon absorb all the infrared. and in doing that we actually fundamentally improve the efficiencies. if we made a perfect perovskite on silicon tandem cell, that would top out at about 45%. so we ve fundamentally lifted the ceiling. and if we went one step further to anotherjunction, triple junction, three junctions, that would top out at just above 50%. so what perovskite does is lift the ceiling for potential efficiency and gives us a new path forward to go to higher and higher efficiency. so, i mean, substantial gains in efficiency here. how close is this really to being a real technology? is this now, or this is far flung future? this is very near term.
henry, look, i want to turn back to solarfor a second. perovskite is the material you ve been working on. what is it, how does it work, and why is it such an improvement and such a possibility for the revolution of solar power? perovskite is a crystal structure. one of the unique aspects of them is because they re composed of three different ions, we can actually change the composition of these ions and that changes the optical properties and electronic properties of this material. this means that instead of using a single material to absorb the sunlight, we can actually tune the perovskite to absorb in different regions and stack these materials on top of each other. now, this stacking of solar cells on top of each other we call multi junctions, and the simplest multi junction is a tandem cell, two solar cells on top of each other. and the perovskite we tune to match perfectly silicon. it absorbs only the visible light