As you look over the mountains, plains, lakes, and streams of the Wind River Basin, you admire the beauty and majesty of this small piece of Wyoming. With a mixture of short grasslands, desert, and green forests, the natural beauty of the place makes it a wonder.
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College of Liberal Arts
story by Jeff Dodge
Before he died in 2018, Mark Soldier Wolf reminded his daughter to keep her promise.
Yufna Soldier Wolf had promised him that the vast collection of historical documents regarding the Northern Arapaho he had amassed over his lifetime would be preserved, returned to their homeland, and made accessible to relatives, the tribe and possibly the public.
Mark Soldier Wolf was a descendant of a long line of chiefs who led the Northern Arapaho when its home was Northern Colorado, and his great-grandmother participated in the Battle of Little Big Horn. He had been involved in repatriation initiatives over many decades, from the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990 to a successful effort in 2018 to bring home the bodies of his uncle and other young tribal children who died at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania, where they had been taken in the 1880s to be forcibly assimilated into U.S. culture.
Three lost sons have returned home to the Wind River Reservation 135 years after they made the trek east to Pennsylvania, where they died and were buried. The repatriation of their remains in 2017 and 2018 came about through the efforts of their Northern Arapaho families, efforts detailed in the Wyoming Humanities-supported documentary
Home from School: The Children of Carlisle.
In early March 1881, Little Chief, Horse, and Little Plume boys aged fourteen, eleven, and nine left their Northern Arapaho families on the Wind River Reservation and traveled by train to the Carlisle Indian Industrial School. Little Chief’s father was Chief Sharp Nose, Little Plume’s father was Chief William Friday, and Horse’s father was Eagleman.