James IV of Scotland
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James IV of Scotland ruled as king from 1488 to 1513 CE. He succeeded his father James III of Scotland (r. 1460-1488 CE) and became one of the most popular of the Stuart kings. James sought to apply justice in every corner of his realm, he created Scotland s first navy, and he promoted such innovations as the printing press. The royal houses of England and Scotland were joined in 1503 CE when James married Margaret Tudor, daughter of Henry VII of England (r. 1485-1509 CE). James IV was killed along with the flower of Scotland s nobility when he lost the Battle of Flodden against the English in September 1513 CE. He was succeeded by his son James V of Scotland (r. 1513-1542 CE) and so the royal Stuart line continued.