Ocean-going ships were key to rising maritime economies of the Early Modern period, and understanding how they were built is critical to grasp the challenges faced by shipwrights and merchant seafarers. Shipwreck timbers hold material evidence of the dynamic interplay of wood supplies, craftmanship, and evolving ship designs that helped shape the Early Modern world. Here we present the results of dendroarchaeological research carried out on Batavia’s wreck timbers, currently on display at the Western Australian Shipwrecks Museum in Fremantle. Built in Amsterdam in 1628 CE and wrecked on its maiden voyage in June 1629 CE in Western Australian waters, Batavia epitomises Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC) shipbuilding. In the 17th century, the VOC grew to become the first multinational trading enterprise, prompting the rise of the stock market and modern capitalism. Oak (Quercus sp.) was the preferred material for shipbuilding in northern and western
committees, even those digs into the scandal involving the deliberate jamming up of traffic on the george washington bridge? while a spokesman for christie denies this is his claim, would this be christie s ultimate move to protect himself, by claiming his right to keep his top staff people, especially his chief of staff and counsel from answering questions from the democrats investigating him in trenton, to resort to richard nixon s defense that even in a case involving possible criminal charges that the papers and communications of top government officials are beyond the reach of the law. well, tonight we look at chris christie s latest gambit. his administration s declaration of independence from those in trenton, even those investigating the infamous bridge scandal. new jersey state senator robert gordon is the democrat who chairs the oversight committee. and bob ingle is a reporter for the asbury park press and the co-author of chris christie: the inside story of his
they q for welcoming me and coming out tonight. my partner and i came in today for there is no fog right now. but we saw as we made our way west i said we are far from the desert here. but that just looks at it one way. it is a metaphysical place and the static and religious and spiritual space. we use the term desert as a metaphor before a lot of things. this book in particular radios at its heart with several does there s but ultimately the subtitle is boom and bust in the new old west so i look at the way the economy affects our lives. the way gets into our very bought up bodies i wrote the book because my body arrived in the desert under particular circumstances winter 1977 when i was broken and on drugs. i was in mexico city where i was lucky enough to go under a book contract from the york. i got an advance to write a book. a dream come true in mexico city by november 1997 i had crossed the deadline without one word written per car was broke. i called the only friend