[inaudible conversations] next robert gates at the National Constitution center in philadelphia. He discusses memoir, duty members of the secretary at war. In the book mr. Gates has served as secretary of defense under president george w. Bush and president obama talks about his management of the wars in afghanistan and iraq and to share stories about his relationship with the white house and congress. [applause] secretary gates i also want to thank you for being especially knowing exactly recently had an injury. I know you are making a robust recovery but having to wear a neck brace as surely complicating your being here and getting here and we thank you for making that effort. Until i became secretary of defense i have never broken a bone or had a surgery. February of 2008 iselle on the ice and broke this shoulder in three places. 10 months later putting a snowplow blade on the tractor to pull the bicep tendon in his arm. My security guards quickly came to the conclusion that al qaed