that huge influx of refugees in fact the treaty that was supposed to regulate the whole thing dublin essentially was suspended and has never come back fully into force now in other words it is very difficult to get that multilateral european solution that the chancellor is pushing for but a couple of factors might indicate some room for movement here number one we ve got different governments at the helm of a number of european countries than the ones we had in the past starting with italy now that is not an easy thing italy has a populist government has just turned away that boat full of refugees and said we re not taking any more but that means there may be some new negotiating dynamic here and as you mentioned the chancellor is now apparently looking toward a sort of pre-summit of affected countries that means the countries on the southern periphery of the e.u. in the x. journal border that have borne the brunt of this crisis in the past and potentially