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Bernard Lown, defibrillator pioneer and peace activist whose organisation won a Nobel Prize – obituary Telegraph Obituaries © Ira Wyman/Sygma via Getty Images Bernard Lown - Ira Wyman/Sygma via Getty Images Bernard Lown, who has died aged 99, developed the first direct-current (DC) defibrillator, which can restore heart rhythms in patients with erratic or irregular heartbeats; he was also known for his anti-nuclear activism, establishing an organisation that won the 1985 Nobel Peace Prize. The idea that electricity could correct ventricular fibrillation – where the heart’s lower chambers contract in a rapid, unsynchronised way, with often fatal results – is not a recent one. By the early 1950s it was possible to restore a human heart to its normal rhythm by cutting open the patient’s chest and shocking the exposed heart with “paddle”-type electrodes. In 1956 Paul Zoll, a physician at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, tried applying an alternating

United statesUniversity of maineUtenos apskritisEvgueni chazovMikhail gorbachevLane turnerLewiston sunIra wyman sygmaBernard lownYevgeniy chazovJose leivaPaul zollLouise lownJohns hopkins university school of medicineBoston globeGetty images bernard lown