"The gastrointestinal microbiota is in permanent interplay with the host’s cells and is involved in a lot of functions among which inflammation, immune homeostasis, and energy metabolism."
A large number of health-related benefits of probiotics have led to the development of a new discipline called probiogenomics, which focuses on the molecular mechanisms of probiotic activities. According to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the next-generation probiotics satisfy the scope of "live biotherapeutic products" (LBPs), which could be used to develop effective therapeutics for various diseases.