Born three hundred years ago, John Smeaton was the first person to call himself a civil engineer, whose design for the third Eddystone Lighthouse has ensured his immortality.
Eddystone Lighthouse, lighthouse, celebrated in folk ballads and seamen’s lore, standing on the Eddystone Rocks, 14 miles off Plymouth, England, in the English Channel. The first lighthouse (1696–99), built of timber, was swept away with its designer, Henry Winstanley, by the great storm of 1703.
Lighthouse, structure, usually with a tower, built onshore or on the seabed to serve as an aid to maritime coastal navigation, warning mariners of hazards, establishing their position, and guiding them to their destinations. Electronic navigation systems have had a great effect on the role of lighthouses.
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