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 E-Mail IMAGE: When an astrocyte in the thalamus is filled with a dye, it diffuses into neighboring cells of the network (red). These include many oligodendrocytes (green), as shown by the overlay. view more  Credit: © Group Steinhäuser; from: Cerebral Cortex, January 2018;28: 213-222; doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhw368 The human brain has about as many neurons as glial cells. These are divided into four major groups: the microglia, the astrocytes, the NG2 glial cells, and the oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes function primarily as a type of cellular insulating tape: They form long tendrils, which consist largely of fat-like substances and do not conduct electricity. These wrap around the axons, which are the extensions through which the nerve cells send their electrical impulses. This prevents short circuits and accelerates signal forwarding.

Nordrhein westfalenStephanie griemsmannCamille philippotChristian steinhGerald seifertHelmut kettenmannUniversity of bonnUniversity of bonn germanyTransdisciplinary research area lifeInstitute of cellular neurosciencesCellular neurosciencesTransdisciplinary research areaRonald jabsCell biologyMedicine healthனோற்ர்ேன் வெஸ்ட்ஃபாலன்