succeeded. so it failed as a happiness drug, but turns out it works as an autism drug. it failed on schizophrenia. so we go through these studies, but really study why it failed. that tells you what to look for next. and doing these experiments in america is a hurdle, because government gets in the way. they do, you can get some levels, but you need lots of approval and money to move forward. they say they want to make sure people are safe. that is right, but in fact science is the study of failure, right? we go, we fail, keep trying, the history of medicine is full of these happy accidents. so these fda safety rules may make us less safe by stopping experiments? exactly, we have to balance the kind of expected benefits with the costs. we don t want to hurt people, but also want to develop the drugs that help save people s lives. but they don t stop you from doing that. they make it more difficult.