all right. bring in retired brigadier general kevin ryan, former attache to russia and a senior fellow for the harvard kennedy school. good morning. thanks for being with us bright and early today. let s talk first, we heard a little about it in that interview just showed. the bulk of russia s invasion forces is now about 15 miles outside of kyiv. at this point do you believe russia is still aiming to encircling capital and cutoff or a full advance still in the cards, do you think? i think both of still in the cards. they are obviously moving to encircle kyiv. the question, whether they try to go into the city and fight block to block, neighborhood to neighborhood. they may not need to do that, if they encircle the city and hold it under siege for a week or more. they may be able to use that as leverage and in any kind of a cease-fire or diplomatic discussion.