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Microbes metabolizing toxic substances were found in the burning coal seams of Kuzbass

Credit: Vitaly Kadnikov Geothermal ecosystems, such as volcanoes and hot terrestrial and deep-sea springs, are characterized by severe conditions. The temperatures are high and the environment could be extremely acidic or very alkaline. Moreover, there are chemically active compounds in them that can be fatal to living organisms, because they are capable of destroying the membrane of an ordinary cell. Exclusively very adapted microorganisms can exist here. They do not only have unique protective systems but are also able to get energy from chemical transformations of those substances that are available to them. Humans are actively using the peculiarities of their metabolism, for example some enzymes help biologists to amplify DNA molecules in a test tube, says Vitaly Kadnikov, Ph.D., senior researcher at the Federal Research Centre Fundamentals of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the principal investigator of the grant from the Russian Science Foundation.

Scientists shed light on the mechanism of photoactivation of the orange carotenoid protein

Credit: Nikolai Sluchanko Exposure to light is compulsory for photosynthetic organisms for the conversion of inorganic compounds into organic ones. However, if there is too much solar energy, the photosystems and other cell components could be damaged. Thanks to special protective proteins, the overexcitation is converted into heat - in the process called non-photochemical quenching. The object of the published study, OCP, was one of such defenders. It was first isolated in 1981 from representatives of the ancient group of photosynthetic bacteria, ?yanobacteria. OCP comprises two domains forming a cavity, in which a carotenoid pigment is embedded. When light is absorbed by the carotenoid molecule, OCP can change from an inactive orange to an active red form. This process is multi-stage and follows a complex hierarchy of events. We showed the asynchrony of these changes in previous work, but the mechanism of the very first stage of OCP activation, associated with the breakage of hy

Drug circulation body proposed health ministry approve Moderna, Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccines - Society - Vietnam News | Politics, Business, Economy, Society, Life, Sports

Update: February, 26/2021 - 10:55 |   A Vietnamese citizen living in Russia receives a shot of the COVID-19 vaccine Sputnik V in Moscow in February.  VNA/VNS Photo Trần Hiếu HÀ NỘI The Advisory Council for the Registration of Circulation of Drugs and Medicinal Ingredients under the Ministry of Health has proposed that the approval of two COVID-19 vaccines, US-made Moderna and Russia s Sputnik V, for urgent use in Việt Nam. Russia’s vaccine (Gam-COVID-Vac), the first in the world to be licensed for use last year, was developed by Federal State Budgetary Institution N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of Russia’s Ministry of Health. It was manufactured by pharmaceutical company Generium.

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