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Like it or not, many Pākehā New Zealanders are the beneficiaries of a colonial settlement system based on dispossession and alienation. How can the past and present be reconciled honestly?
ABSTRACT: The 2000 km Columbia River is the longest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. It starts in British Columbia, Canada and flows through the states of Oregon and Washington before discharging into Pacific Ocean near Cape Disappointment. The mouth of the Columbia River is a deep water harbor and 180 km of the river can be accessed by navigation. Based on flow volume, the river is the 4th largest river in the United States. The headwaters and approximately 800 km of the Columbia River lie in Canada. Columbia Lake and the Columbia Wetlands are located in British Columbia and are the headwaters of the Columbia River. The lake has an elevation of 820 m above sea level and drains to the Pacific Ocean near Astoria, Oregon. The Ocean tides flow up river to Portland, Oregon. This paper highlights how the geological and landscape resources of the Columbia River and tributaries watershed contributed to the econom
Abstract
Cook (2019) reviewed the timing and impact of European settlement in Australia, focusing on erosion and catchment soil loss. Cook (2019) argued that it is still reasonable to conclude that European settlers caused major environmental impacts outside the limits imposed on the colony before 1840 CE. Evidence for early, major impact by European settlers came from the first Pb dated sediment cores from Little Llangothlin Lagoon in eastern Australia (Gale et al., 1995, Gale and Haworth, 2002, 2005). An early (ca. 1810 CE) age was derived from these records based on assumptions regarding the Pb age model. The Pb age model was validated with a pollen record and a European impact “eroded soil” horizon. Since the work by Gale et al. (1995) and Gale and Haworth (2002, 2005), there have been five studies that show the pollen record and “eroded soil” horizon cannot be used as validation for the Pb record. The pollen record included a major misidentification and the “erode
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Travelling along the Hooghly is more interesting than a road journey,
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Home > Travel News > Story > Take a Boat Ride through European Settlements on the Hooghly
Sign up for a day cruise along the Hooghly from Kolkata to two former European settlements along the river 03 Min Read
The Bhagirathi-Hooghly River, as the Ganga is known along its final stretch to the sea, is one of the most interesting waterways of India. Stretched along its banks (roughly between Kolkata and Murshidabad) are remains of former European settlements. Hence, this stretch of the river is also known as ‘Europe on the Ganga’. Travelling northwards from Kolkata (British), there is Srirampur (Danes), Chandannagar (French), Bandel (Portuguese) and Chinsurah (Dutch), and Murshidabad. Although the settlements are now part of history, you may still enjoy a glimpse into the past through surviving buildings and cultures.