Introduction: To date, only corticosteroids and inter-leukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors have been shown to reduce mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. In this literature review, we aimed to summarize infection risk of IL inhibitors, with or without the use of corticosteroids, used to treat hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: A literature search was conducted using the following evidence-based medicine reviews: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Cochrane Data-base of Systematic Reviews; Embase; Ovid Medline; and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process, In-Data-Review & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Daily and Versions 1946 to April 28, 2021. All relevant articles were identi-fied using the search terms COVID-19 or SARS-coro-navirus-2, infections, interleukins, inpatients, adults, and incidence. Results: We identified 36 studies of which 2 were meta-analyses, 5 were randomized controlled trials, 9 were prospective studies, and 20 were retrospective studies. When an
By oracknows on April 24, 2016.
Arguably, one of the most popular forms of so-called complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) being integrated with real medicine by those who label their specialty integrative medicine is acupuncture. It s particularly popular in academic medical centers as a subject of what I like to refer to as quackademic medicine ; that is, the study of pseudoscience and quackery as though it were real medicine. Consider this. It s very difficult to find academic medical centers that will proclaim that they offer, for example, The One Quackery To Rule Them All (homeopathy). True, a lot of integrative medicine programs at academic medical centers do offer homeopathy. They just don t do it directly or mention it on their websites. Instead, they offer naturopathy, and, as I ve discussed several times, homeopathy is an integral nay, required part of naturopathy. (After graduation from naturopathy school, freshly minted naturopaths are eve