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A review on lignin pyrolysis: pyrolytic behavior, mechanism, and relevant upgrading for improving process efficiency | Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts

Lignin is a promising alternative to traditional fossil resources for producing biofuels due to its aromaticity and renewability. Pyrolysis is an efficient technology to convert lignin to valuable chemicals, which is beneficial for improving lignin valorization. In this review, pyrolytic behaviors of various lignin were included, as well as the pyrolytic mechanism consisting of initial, primary, and charring stages were also introduced. Several parallel reactions, such as demethoxylation, demethylation, decarboxylation, and decarbonylation of lignin side chains to form light gases, major lignin structure decomposition to generate phenolic compounds, and polymerization of active lignin intermediates to yield char, can be observed through the whole pyrolysis process. Several parameters, such as pyrolytic temperature, time, lignin type, and functional groups (hydroxyl, methoxy), were also investigated to figure out their effects on lignin pyrolysis. On the other hand, zeolite-driven ligni

Chem engIntae hwangKyongsang namdoSouth koreaJi luMoreira ropelatoBioprod biorefinJ nanosci nanotechnolCatala genUlises miranda roldZhangx demethylationConvers biorefinShujaa aldeenRoberto paz cedenoTumbalam gootyJan heeres

Frontiers | Determinants of Adoption and the Type of Solar PV Technology Adopted in Rural Pakistan

The electricity crisis in Pakistan is triggering grid power outage (load shedding) for many decades, which has not only affected the commercial and industrial sectors but also the domestic sector, specifically the livelihood of rural areas of the country. However, the extant literature advocates that renewable energy technologies, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) can be the remedy. Given the abundantly availability of solar energy in Pakistan that can be converted into electrical energy using solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, this study examines the determinants of solar PV adoption in rural areas of Pakistan. Our preliminary investigations – using government/official publications – indicate that despite a huge potential of solar energy in Pakistan, the usage of solar PV at household level in rural areas is still untapped, which makes this research agenda more appealing and provocative. In doing so, this study first conducts surveys, face-to-face comprehensive interviews, and questio

Lakki marwatNorth west frontierBurkina fasoUnited statesUnited kingdomHong kongFrance generalUttar pradeshSri lankaSouth koreaHayat khanFederally administered tribal areasInch on gwangyoksiExtreme nordDera ismail khanIndian sundarban

Frontiers | Do Oil Price Shocks Matter for Environmental Degradation? Evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in GCC Countries

This paper aims to examine the asymmetric impact of oil price shocks on environmental degradation for a panel of six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries from 1996 to 2016. We use dynamic seemingly unrelated regressions (DSUR) approach that considers cross-sectional dependency to reveal the interrelations between oil price shocks and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The finding shows that the positive shocks of oil prices have a statistically significant negative effect on CO2 emissions, while negative shocks of oil prices did not affect CO2 emissions. More specifically, the positive oil price shocks have negatively influenced the CO2 emissions in Oman, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and United Emirates Arab. In turn, the most negative effect is found in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. Meanwhile, the negative shocks of oil prices have statistically significant effects on the CO2 emission of Oman and Saudi Arabia. While for other countries, it does not have a significant impact. Also, the res

Republic ofBaladiyat az za ayinUnited arab emiratesSaudi arabiaUnited statesFrance generalUnited kingdomSri lankaNorth west frontierNew yorkSaudi arabia generalKingdom of saudi arabiaSultanate of omanAbu dhabiPeter schmidtSaddam hussein

Ο Αντιδήμαρχος Παιδείας Ν Σπίνος ενημερώνει για τα έργα στα σχολεία

Ο Αντιδήμαρχος Παιδείας Ν Σπίνος ενημερώνει για τα έργα στα σχολεία
imerazante.gr - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from imerazante.gr Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

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Frontiers | The Oxymoron of Carbon Dioxide Removal: Escaping Carbon Lock-In and yet Perpetuating the Fossil Status Quo?

Frontiers | The Oxymoron of Carbon Dioxide Removal: Escaping Carbon Lock-In and yet Perpetuating the Fossil Status Quo?
frontiersin.org - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from frontiersin.org Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

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