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Researchers identify four themes as key contributors to diseases of despair in Pennsylvania Financial instability, lack of infrastructure, a deteriorating sense of community and family fragmentation are key contributors to diseases of despair in Pennsylvania communities, according to Penn State College of Medicine and Highmark Health researchers. The researchers conducted four focus groups in Pennsylvania communities identified as having high rates of despair-related illnesses. Diseases of despair are medical diagnoses involving alcohol-related disorders, substance-related disorders and suicidal thoughts and behavior. Princeton economists Anne Case and Angus Deaton proposed the concept of deaths of despair in 2015 after observing a decline in life expectancy of middle-aged white men and women between 1999 and 2015 the first such decline since the flu pandemic of 1918. They theorized that this decline is associated with the social and economic downturn in rural communities and sma

United statesEmily brignoneDaniel georgeAngus deatonEmily hendersonPenn state college of medicineTranslational science instituteHighmark healthPenn state collegeAnne casePenn state clinicalPenn stateஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில்டேனியல் ஜார்ஜ்அங்குஸ் டீமுடன்எமிலி ஹென்டர்சன்