Josep Lago/AFP via Getty Images(LONDON) When an independence referendum was held in Catalonia on Oct. 1, 2017, some citizens in Spain saw an illegal travesty and others viewed the vote as a sign of hope. Elisenda Paluzie, a University of Barcelo.
In the five years since the referendum, tensions within the wealthy, autonomous region of Spain remain high, while the concerted effort to separate has waned.
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