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IMAGE: This photograph shows two MEMS elements on a single chip, with the active elements of 250 μm × 250 μm. A micrograph (top inset) the actual size of the diffractive. view more
Credit: Jin Wang
WASHINGTON Researchers have developed new x-ray optics that can be used to harness extremely fast pulses in a package that is significantly smaller and lighter than conventional devices used to modulate x-rays. The new optics are based on microscopic chip-based devices known as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Our new ultrafast optics-on-a-chip is poised to enable x-ray research and applications that could have a broad impact on understanding fast-evolving chemical, material and biological processes, said research team leader Jin Wang from the U.S Department of Energy s Argonne National Laboratory. This could aid in the development of more efficient solar cells and batteries, advanced computer storage materials and devices, and more effective drugs for
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IMAGE: Researchers have developed a new sensor that uses an interband cascade light emitting device (ICLED) and could allow practical and low-cost detection of low concentrations of methane. view more
Credit: Sameer Khan
WASHINGTON Researchers have developed a new sensor that could allow practical and low-cost detection of low concentrations of methane gas. Measuring methane emissions and leaks is important to a variety of industries because the gas contributes to global warming and air pollution. Agricultural and waste industries emit significant amounts of methane, said Mark Zondlo, leader of the Princeton University research team that developed the sensor. Detecting methane leaks is also critical to the oil and gas industry for both environmental and economic reasons because natural gas is mainly composed of methane.
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IMAGE: Researchers developed a way to use overhead LED lighting and a smartphone to create 3D images of a small figurine. view more
Credit: Emma Le Francois, University of Strathclyde
WASHINGTON As LEDs replace traditional lighting systems, they bring more smart capabilities to everyday lighting. While you might use your smartphone to dim LED lighting at home, researchers have taken this further by tapping into dynamically controlled LEDs to create a simple illumination system for 3D imaging. Current video surveillance systems such as the ones used for public transport rely on cameras that provide only 2D information, said Emma Le Francois, a doctoral student in the research group led by Martin Dawson, Johannes Herrnsdorf and Michael Strain at the University of Strathclyde in the UK. Our new approach could be used to illuminate different indoor areas to allow better surveillance with 3D images, create a smart work area in a factory, or to give robots a m
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VIDEO: The researchers also used their endoscope to record the dynamic diffusion process of water droplets and indocyanine green solution on cloth under normal illumination and different imaging modes. view more
Credit: Chenyoung Shi, Chinese Academy of Sciences
WASHINGTON Researchers have developed a new bio-inspired medical endoscope that can acquire 3D visible light and near-infrared fluorescence images at the same time. It features an optical design that combines the high-resolution 3D imaging of human vision with the mantis shrimp s capability to simultaneously detect multiple wavelengths of light.
Endoscopes with 3D imaging capability can help surgeons precisely locate diseased tissue. Adding fluorescence imaging can make cancerous tissue light up for easier removal or highlight critical parts of the anatomy that need to be avoided during surgery.