Skin cancer, like all cancers, is caused by cell mutations that grow uncontrollably to form a mass of cancer cells. Because the skin is comprised of three main types of cells, there are three primary forms of skin cancer with different treatment methods: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma, the most virulent, yet rare form of skin cancer.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, according to the Irish Cancer Society. Basal cells are located at the base of the outer layer of skin, and their primary function is to produce new skin cells. If left untreated, BCC will eventually form what is known as a “rodent ulcer,” a pearly or waxy bump that usually occurs in the most sun-exposed areas of the body, i.e. the face, ears, or neck. It can also manifest as a flat, flesh-colored or brown scar-like lesion.