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Pensioners protesting in the Basque city of San Sebastián in January 2020.Javier Etxezarreta / EFE The largest-ever study of almost 2,000 DNA samples carried out by researchers at Pompeu Fabra university (UPF) in Barcelona has confirmed the “genetic singularity” of the Basques in Europe. The investigation, however, found that this difference only began to emerge 2,500 years ago in the Iron Age. “Our analyses confirm that Basques were influenced by the major migration waves in Europe until the Iron Age, in a similar pattern as their surrounding populations,” the authors explain in the study published in the journal The origin of the Basques has fascinated the scientific community since the 19th century. The French anthropologist Paul Broca snuck into a Basque cemetery one night in 1862 to steal skulls he wanted to study for their supposed genetic differences. Juan José Ibarretxe, premier of the Basque regional government until 2009, proclaimed that the Basq

Comunidad autonoma de catalunaIberian peninsulaSpain generalJaume bertranpetitPaul brocaDavid comasJuan josPompeu fabraJavier etxezarretaCristina valdioseraXabier arzalluzUniversity of burgosHarvard universityDepartment of experimentalBasque nationalist partyHealth sciences