Russia has wanted strategic partners in Eurasia since the collapse of the Soviet Union, with India and China emerging as the strongest candidates. But while Russia has pursued cooperation with the two in both multilateral forums and in trilateral relations, the war in Ukraine has left Russia more isolated than ever meaning Russia needs India and China for its geopolitical pursuits more than India or China needs Russia. The Institute for Security and Development Policy’s Jagannath Panda discusses how Russia has influenced China-India relations, the implications for U.S. foreign policy, and how the United States can navigate multilateral forums that include this trilateral strategic alignment.
While Pakistan and China maintain strong economic and diplomatic ties, it’s their bilateral military relationship that has grown most significantly in recent years. This threshold alliance still falls short of a formal treaty something China has eschewed but serves many of the same functions, and the prospect of Chinese naval bases on Pakistan’s shores has major implications for regional security. USIP’s Sameer Lalwani discusses his latest report on China-Pakistan military ties, how China could leverage this relationship in future great power competition and what U.S. leaders can do to seek strategic clarity with Pakistan while helping it to maintain independence in its foreign policy.