The California-based Synanon Foundation started as a heroin rehabilitation center in Santa Monica in 1958. By the 1970s, the center had transformed into a cult community with thousands of members.
The Synanon Foundation started as a heroin rehabilitation center in Santa Monica in 1958, but by the 1970s, it had transformed into a cult with thousands of members.
In the 1940s, Nick Gabaldón, an athletic, handsome student at Santa Monica High School, would often escape class to Bay Street Beach, a half-mile stretch of shoreline roughly between Pico and Bicknell Streets, by the Casa Del Mar hotel. Derisively called the Inkwell by some white Angelenos, Bay Street Beach was a haven for people of color.
Here, Gabaldón would bodysurf for hours, impressing two white lifeguards who loaned him a rescue board. With this heavy, 13-foot board, Gabaldón taught himself to surf, becoming the first documented Black surfer in America. He eventually took to riding the waves in Malibu, paddling six miles north and another six miles back, because he knew he would not be welcome walking on most of Santa Monica s beaches.