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Enter homomorphic encryption. The technology uses lattice-based algorithms to hide the input, intermediate values, output, and even the function being computed from anyone not holding the secret decryption key. In other words, it allows computations to be performed on encrypted data.
While fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has been around for just over a decade, the combination of more powerful computers and better algorithms is now making it viable.
Cracking the Code
The origins of homomorphic encryption date back to 1978. That s when a trio of researchers at MIT developed a framework that could compute a single mathematical operation (usually addition or multiplication) under the cover of encryption. The concept gained life in 2009, when Craig Gentry, now a research fellow at the blockchain-focused Algorand Foundation, developed the first fully homomorphic encryption scheme for his doctoral dissertation at Stanford University in 2009.