From 1791–1804, the Caribbean isle of Hispaniola burned and convulsed as enslaved Africans rose up in rebellion after rebellion – finally emerging as independent Haiti. Hakim Adi examines how the first successful revolution of enslaved people came to pass
Reviews
Toussaint Louverture and the Haitian Revolution Black Spartacus: The Epic Life of Toussaint Louverture by Sudhir Hazareesingh (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2020)
Monday 24 May 2021, by Dan Davison
The Haitian Revolution of 1791-1804 is increasingly recognized as at least as historically significant as the American and French Revolutions. It began as a slave revolt in what was then the French colony of Saint-Domingue. The rebellion brought about the abolition of slavery in Saint-Domingue in 1793 and across the whole French Empire in 1794.
In 1802, Napoleon Bonaparte reintroduced slavery in several French colonies and sent an invading force to Saint-Domingue to restore colonial rule. This turned the Haitian Revolution into a war of independence against France. It ended with Haiti becoming the first state in history to ban both slavery and the slave trade unconditionally from its inception.