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Adam and Eve (1912) to shtetl-inspired paintings such as The Violinist (1910), Chagall’s work was heavily influenced by his Jewish upbringing. Chagall (1887-1985) grew up in Vitebsk, a city in Belarus, though it was once a part of the Russian Empire. Chagall’s father worked at a herring warehouse and his mother ran a small shop selling fish and spices; the Chagall family lived amongst a Jewish community that numbered some 34,000 in 1897. His Jewish education was rich: He attended a Jewish elementary school, or heder, and his family, which included eight siblings, were active at the Great Lubavitch Synagogue of Vitebsk, which was once a hub of the city’s Jewish life. The family were “regulars” at the shul, according to Shalom.by, a Belarus Jewish news site.

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