This 45minute talk was part of a daylong conference hosted by the university of virginias center for Civil War History. So we will begin this mornings lecture with gary w. Gallagher. As many of you know, we owe a tremendous debt of gratitude to professor gallagher. He was the founding director of the nau center, retired just last spring from uva where he held the john l. Nau chair in Civil War History from 1999 to 2018. He is the author or editor of at least 39 books, including the union war, the american war and most recently civil war places which, too, is in the back, beautiful book, his son will took the photographs and this is an absolute treasure if you havent had a chance to see it yet. So with that id like to welcome gary gallagher. It yet. So with that id like to welcome gary gallagher. Thank you, carrie. We are on a very tight schedule today which carrie has made clear to all of us in the front row, especially steve. Steve asked me to say that he will be signing 8 by 10 gloss