Czars caused during the transition into office and in the earlier months. And even the years of the presidency. We found this development of the phenomenon to be fascinating. And mysterious. And we spent a good number of years learning more about that. And when we discuss how early the presence of gob. I may clarify he can actually what we mean when we use the word czar. Tasks with coordination and responsibilities over a particular policy problem that said administration is intense on either solving or at least appearing to solve. What i want to talk about this afternoon is czars. What the pressures are that lead administrationes to create them. And what czars are able to accomplish. And talking about that a little bit in general. And particularly with respect to the experiences of george bushs post 9 11 czars. When the new complex problems facing the nation will become salient and creating both a political and policy need for action. Richard nixon with john love and william simon. An