AFTER the “First Fitna” (Great Sedition), the history of the Muslim world witnessed many political and military movements, each of which sought to seize power, especially at the end of the Abbasid Dynasty when divisions multiplied, and the state’s grip on the governors and capitals weakened. At t
AFTER the “First Fitna” (Great Sedition), the history of the Muslim world witnessed many political and military movements, each of which sought to seize power, especially at the end of the Abbasid Dynasty when divisions multiplied, and the state’s grip on the governors and capitals weakened. At t