line, a second one behind it, and then a third one around the city. we also know that in ukrainian media there are reports that civilians are being removed from tokmak in order that the russians can further fortify it. and to understand all of these fortifications, looking at these types of satellite images is also useful. here, furthest from the front line, you have artillery positions. then the trench network for the soldiers. then what are called dragon s teeth. these are concrete obstacles the russians are using in the hope of stopping ukrainian tanks. tanks are also the focus of these enormous ditches, produced by these digging vehicles. and if we go back to this satellite image you can see the first line of defence is an anti tank ditch. so that s one location. this is a second one that bbc verify has looked at. on the peninsular of crimea, which was annexed by russia in 2014. this picture shows us a beach on the west coast of crimea. you can again see dragon s teeth. this time r
is a ukrainian soldier. now, looking more broadly along the front line, we also know that russia is using trenches as part of its fortification of the front line. this has been mapped by the open source analyst brady africa, and each of these black marks marks a new russian fortification. let s focus on a couple of locations, tokmak is a small but crucial city, you can see it at the bottom of the image, the ukrainian positions are much higher up, and this is what the russians have done. a first line of defence, a second line of defence, and a third line of defence around the city itself. in ukrainian media, there are reports that civilians are being removed by the russians so that it can fortify the city further. and we can understand these fortifications if we look at another satellite image here. first of all, we highlight artillery positions, furthest from the front line, then a
defensive line, a second defensive line, and then a third defensive line, and then a third defensive line around the city itself. also in ukrainian media, there are reports that russia is removing civilians in order to further fortify it. furthest from the front line we have artillery positions, then a trench network. just, then what are called dragons teeth. these are concrete obstacles, designed to stop tanks in their tracks. also aimed at tangs are ditches, dug out by vehicles like this. and you can see an anti tank ditch, and this fortification is the very first line of defence. so that s one location. a second that bbc verify has looked at is on the crimean peninsula which was annexed by russia in 2014. this image comes from the west coast of crimea. you can see dragons teeth again, running up the coast of the black sea. you can see further north, a bunker, and also this trench. bbc verify estimates that runs the 15 miles along the coast.
there are reports that russia is removing civilians from topmak in order to further fortify it. we can understand that if we look here. furthest from the front line we have artillery positions, then a trench network. just, then what are called dragons teeth. these are concrete obstacles, designed to stop tanks in their tracks. also aimed at tanks are ditches, dug out by vehicles like this. and you can see an anti tank ditch in this fortification is the very first line of defence. so, that s one location. a second that bbc verify has looked at is on the crimean peninsula, which was annexed by russia in 2014. this image comes from the west coast of crimea. you can see dragons teeth again, running up the coast of the black sea. you can see further north, a bunker, and also this trench. bbc verify estimates that runs for 15 miles along the coast. there are also piles of wood to reinforce trenches.
is also used. here, furthest from the front line, you have artillery positions. then the trench network for the soldiers to use. then what are called dragon s teeth. these are concrete obstacles the russians are using in the hope of stopping ukrainian tanks. tanks are also the focus of these enormous ditches, produced by these digging vehicles. and if we go back to this satellite image you can see the first line of defence is an anti tank ditch. so that s one location. this is a second one that bbc verify has looked at. 0n the peninsular of crimea, which was annexed by russia in 2014. this picture shows us a beach on the west coast of crimea. you can again see dragon s teeth. this time running alongside the shore of the black sea. further north on the beach is a bunker. running through it is this trench. bbc verify has measured it at around 15 miles, running along the coast. also note these piles of wood. they are being used by the russians to reinforce the trenches that they are diggi