Achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee of China. It professes the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and its building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Compared with other developed countries, the time window for China to develop from carbon peak to carbon neutrality is tight, and therefore will bring extensive and profound economic and social changes. From the perspective of basic national conditions, China faces unprecedented difficulties and challenges in achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality. The United Kingdom, France, Germany and the European Union achieved carbon peak in the 1970s, and the United States and Japan achieved carbon peak in 2007 and 2013 respectively. Moreover, all the above-mentioned countries achieved carbon peak naturally, evolving with their respective development stage. In order to promote the efforts needed concerning carbon peak and carbon neutrality, China sh