Of black women athletes in the age of jim crow. Thanks for joining us on American History. Thanks for having me. Let me begin with your book expected to be published in about a year. What have you learned so far . Oh, so many things. I started the project asking is there a long history of black women in sports and i found more than i expected to find quite frankly. There wasnt any archive labelled this is a history of black women in sports. So i kind of had to piece it together. I got started by finding three women who played baseball in the negro leagues in the 1950s. And it was a remarkable story. They played with the men. And one of the things that stuck out to me about that story was that the owner who had brought in the black women to play against the men said he had something called a gal file. Where women across the country and young girls too were writing in to request tryouts and that struck in my head as a young graduate student and i thought, hm, if there is a lot of black g
I thought, hmm, if theres a lot of black girls and women in the mid century trying to play baseball maybe theres a longer history here. Thats what set me out to find some of the stories in the book that take us from track, to tennis, from baltimore to rome, and looking at black women and sporting history in the 20th century. Two names, one quite familiar, hank arron and stony stone . Yeah. Again, like i said, those baseball women who i stumbled upon, they were brought in at the kind of fall of the negro leagues. The negro leagues had been a huge institution in the black community. It provided ownership and upward mobility for Business Owners and opportunity to play for black men at the time. Always pushing for integration of the majors. Jackie robinson broke formally the color line. What we see after that is an exodus of the top tier talent. Theyre going into the majors with no compentation back into their teams. The negro leagues are in steady decline. People are looking around trying
The home team if they dont win its a shame for its one, two, three strikes youre out at the old ballgame mr. Raffertyosaki good morning. We have talked about a lot of things. We talked about gender, we talked about sports. Happens to be baseball. That is probably why i signed the deal. But we are talking about social forces. And baseball happens to be one of the greatest social forces, in my opinion, in American Society. The institution of baseball, the game, what it represents for instance, when people see the number 42, what did they think . What do they feel . What do they believe . Why was it retired throughout baseball in 1997 . No man will wear this number again. What did it mean for Jackie Robinson, for blacks across the u. S. To watch him steal home in the world series . Battery of whitey ford and give bu borough, two and yogi era, two future hall of famers. He stole home. To put this in perspective, during the 2000 majorleague season, 2293 times someone stole a base. Only 18 t
In moscow. And its beautiful Country House in a levee suburb. Relations with the u. S. Have grown worse ever since President Trump was elected. Something russia never expected. And today, Vice President mike pence, on an official visit to neighboring estonia, aimed some of the harshest criticism yet at the kremlin. At this very moment, russia continues to seek to redraw International Borders by force. Undermine democracies of sovereign nations. And divide free nations of europe. One against another. Reporter in spite of all the aggressive rhetoric and sanctions, russia does want, better relations with the United States. And it is still offering to cooperate on say, the International Fight against terrorism, to try to turn things around. Anthony. Liz palmer in moscow. Thank you, liz. In fine, phoenix, a federal found former sheriff, for refusing to stop traffic patrols that targeted immigrants. Arpaio was sheriff of Maricopa County for 24 years before being voted out. Now 85, he could f
Absolute power. At least 140 people have been killed in protests in venezuelas capital. Manuel bojorquez is there. Reporter the clashes in caracas between protesters and police are looking more like allout war. [ gunfire ] reporter several officers were hurt in an explosion, at least ten demonstrators were killed as they tried to disrupt the vote this weekend. This is not terrorism. Reporter a 22yearold, still decided to march wearing only an equestrian helmet. You can see the people that it is really, really sad, but theyre still in the streets. Theyre still screaming for what they want. Its freedom. And liberty. Reporter neither has been much in evidence this election. There were no opposition parties listed on the ballot. Instead, president maduro wants a new assembly to rewrite the constitution. Venezuelans werent asked to vote on the plan, only on who will be part of it. Maduros supporters said it was the only we to restore law and order. So you want peace thats what you want . Th