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A majority of African economies, or 83%, are highly commodity-dependent and are vulnerable to external shocks, experiencing good growth when commodity prices are high, but seeing growth reversal and setbacks when prices are low. Chad, for example, experienced an average of 9% growth in GDP between 2001 and 2014, but since 2015, the GDP of the country has contracted and poverty increased. GDP per capita is decreasing and developmental gains have been reversed because of the inability to sustain economic growth.

United statesSaudi arabiaSouth africaNicola viegiKouassi yebouaAfrican centre for economic transformationUniversity of pretoria department economicsAfrican unionAfrican futures innovation programmeAfrican centreEconomic transformationPretoria departmentProfessor nicola viegiAfrican transformation indexAfrican continental free trade area