Arab-Israeli wars, series of military conflicts between Israeli forces and various Arab forces, most notably in 1948–49, 1956, 1967, 1973, 1982, and 2006. These included Israel’s War of Independence and the Palestinian Nakbah, the Suez Crisis, the Six-Day War, the Yom Kippur War, and two wars in Lebanon.
United States presidential election of 2020, election, held during the global coronavirus pandemic, in which Democrat Joe Biden, formerly the 47th U.S. vice president, defeated the incumbent president, Republican Donald Trump, to become the 46th U.S. president. Biden won the Electoral College vote 306 to 232.
apartheid - Apartheid - Resistance, Protest, Activism: Although the government had the power to suppress virtually all criticism of its policies, there was always some opposition to apartheid within South Africa. Black African groups, with the support of some whites, held demonstrations and strikes, and there were many instances of violent protest and of sabotage. One of the first and most violent demonstrations against apartheid took place in Sharpeville on March 21, 1960; the police response to the protesters’ actions was to open fire, killing about 69 Black Africans and wounding many more. An attempt to enforce Afrikaans language requirements for Black African students led to the Soweto riots
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, (born February 26, 1954, Rize, Turkey), Turkish politician who served as prime minister (2003–14) and president (2014– ) of Turkey. In high school Erdoğan became known as a fiery orator in the cause of political Islam. He later played on a professional football (soccer) team and attended Marmara University. During this time he met Necmettin Erbakan, a veteran Islamist politician, and Erdoğan became active in parties led by Erbakan, despite a ban in Turkey on religiously based political parties. In 1994 Erdoğan was elected mayor of Istanbul on the ticket of the Welfare Party. The election of
Nawaz Sharif, in full Muhammad Nawaz Sharif, (born December 25, 1949, Lahore, Pakistan), Pakistani businessman and politician who served as prime minister in 1990–93, 1997–98, and 2013–17. After earning an LL.B. from the University of the Punjab in Lahore, Sharif joined his family’s influential House of Ittefaq (Ittefaq Group), an industrial conglomerate with interests in sugar, steel, and textiles. Entering politics, he served as a member of a provincial council in Punjab; in 1981 he was appointed finance minister for the province, and, following elections in 1985, he rose to chief minister. As leader of the Pakistan Muslim League (since