Messenger
IRAQ, since the Hammurabi rule about 22 centuries ago, rarely enjoyed stability. It was either enduring fights among its states and emirates, or falling prey to foreign invasions. It seems that Iraq witnessed relative stability only three times throughout its history of over 2,200 years.
The first time was when the Babylonian king, Hammurabi, united his conflicting states, worked to repel foreign invasions, and codified the laws of Sumeria and Mesopotamia, the most important legislation that is still a reference point to this day.
The second time was during the reign of the fifth Umayyad King Abdul-Malik bin Marwan, who ruled the country with iron and fire through his governor Al-Hajjaj bin Yusuf Al-Thaqafi, the author of the famous saying – “O people of Iraq … O people of discord and hypocrisy…”