Why the Mediterranean Sea is So Salty — and Completely Unique
The incredibly clear water at Skala, on Agistri. Credit: Margaritaprounia /Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 3.0
The Mediterranean Sea is one of the most storied and lovely bodies of water anywhere in the world — and it is also one of the saltiest.
Almost completely enclosed by land, the “wine-dark sea” of Homer has played a central role in the history of Western civilization.
” width=”1080″>
Geological evidence tells us that approximately 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years during what is called the “Messinian salinity crisis” — before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago.