We got what's needed for COVID-19 vaccination completely wrong
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I would summarize the leading thought in 2020 on vaccination on LessWrong and the review that's now popular in the mainstream as:
New vaccination technology like mRNA-based vaccines and adenovirus-based vaccines allow faster development of vaccines. We still have the challenge of building enough vaccine factories. To build enough vaccine factories.
This seems to be wrong and the better view is:
Peptide-based vaccines are well understood and unsexy. We have existing adjuvants with well understood safety profile. They can be easily produced with equipment we already have. Given that they are unsexy nobody wants to run a clinical trial right and Western governments are interested in suing people for developing such technology then they are interested in vaccine development.