On to proceed expeditiously that's because this matter relates to an urgent matter of urgent concern that was set forth by the inspector general to the intelligence committee the Judiciary Committee will hold its 1st public hearing on Wednesday as it decides whether to bring articles of impeachment against Trump Windsor Johnston n.p.r. News Washington President transfer reimposing tariffs on steel and aluminum from Brazil and Argentina N.P.R.'s Scott Horsley reports the president announced the move this morning with a pair of tweets steel from Brazil and Argentina will once again be subject to a 25 percent import tax while imported aluminum from the 2 countries will face a levy of 10 percent President Trump says he once again slapping tariffs on the South American exports because of what he calls a massive devaluation in their currency it's very unfair to our bank records and very unfair to our our our steel company will be very happy and our form was very apt to trump initially ordered the steel and aluminum tariffs in March of last year but many countries were granted exemptions while domestic steel makers got an early boost from the terrace steel prices have since retreated amid slumping demand Scott Horsley n.p.r. News Washington this is n.p.r. . Protests are being held in India following the rape and killing of a veterinarian in the city of Hyderabad N.P.R.'s Lauren Frayer says 4 men have been arrested and 3 police officers have been suspended Indian police are accused of failing to act quickly when the woman's family reported her missing instead they allegedly suggested she may have run away to elope authorities now believe 4 suspects secretly let the air out of the victim's motorbike tire forcing her off the road where they raped and murdered her N.P.R.'s Lauren Frayer reporting mourners in London have held vigils this morning for 2 university graduates who were killed by a convicted terrorist near London Bridge last week N.P.R.'s Frank Langfitt has the latest from London Jack Merritt and sausage Jones had both study criminology at Cambridge one of the world's top universities there participating in of the end focused on prisoner rehabilitation when a former prisoner went on a rampage and stabbed them to death City mayor said no relation spoke at today's vigil in London we come together this morning and condolences but also in a spirit all defiance to say that London will never be out or intimidates it fight terrorism may or calm praised the response of civilians to the attack including a man who grabbed a nor wall tossed from the wall of the venue another who grabbed a fire extinguisher and chased the attacker on to London Bridge where they cornered him police quickly arrived and shot and killed the man Frank Langfitt n.p.r. News London. At last check on Wall Street the Dow Jones Industrial Average was down more than $200.00 points or 3 quarters of a percent at $27848.00 this is n.p.r. News support for n.p.r. Comes from Capital One offering the spark cash card for businesses committed to helping business owners turn purchases and to meaningful investments that can help drive business forward Capital One what's in your wallet more at Capital One dot com and Americans for the Arts. Next time on Latino USA we spend 72 hours in Chicago at the largest free clinic in the nation a place dedicated to serving people without health insurance for you know looked at it and all that and you should think it was one of them away that's next time on that. Listen Sunday morning at 6. From n.p.r. And w.b. You are I'm Jeremy Hobson I'm Robin Young It's here and now and this week we'll see a new phase in the impeachment inquiry proceedings which moved from fact finding to consideration of possible charges as the House Judiciary Committee takes over from the House Intelligence Committee with their 1st hearing Wednesday the Judiciary Committee invited the president to send a lawyer to participate yesterday White House counsel Pat civil only came back with a resoundingly no saying the whole process was unfair today before heading to the NATO conference in London President Trump said this Democrat the radical left Democrat good thing that the Democrats decided what I'm going to say that they set up a year ago that what I'm going to go that we've got about one of them over the border very very very good president. But if you do a good thing and what are you going to be doing of the day boat which is all about operate in other words he's not happy n.p.r. White House reporter joins us higher hello we're going to get to the president's complaint in a moment but as we understand it this hearing Wednesday is an opportunity for lawmakers to question constitutional scholars not any of the witnesses who testified about the president's contacts of Ukraine and whether he pressured that country to investigate a political rival This is just about questioning scholars can you tell us more about why the White House declined 1st to send a lawyer. Well what the White House is saying is as you said that they feel that the process is unfair they also felt like they didn't have enough notice for this hearing time to prepare and then they felt like they didn't know who the witnesses would be and sold they were saying so in this 5 page letter from simple Omi he was saying that the president can be expected to participate in a hearing when witnesses have yet to be announced and so this was this was an opportunity for the president to defend himself. In a in a in proceedings where the White House has argued over and over again that the president hasn't been able to defend himself but this morning what Trump said was he just feels like the whole thing is a hoax and so that's why he didn't want to send a lawyer to participate but it has to you know having it when he's in NATO does trump have a point I mean should he be here or I mean I just can't imagine him being in a hearing questioning constitutional scholars whoa no well I mean what would have happened likely if they were going to participate if they would have sent someone to represent the president and so the White House can certainly make the argument that with the president overseas maybe he couldn't give the direction that he would have wanted because he will be occupied with other things being president is a busy job but it is not unusual for these sorts of things to be happening and for presidents to be traveling the same thing happened during the Clinton administration when he was going through impeachment proceedings Meanwhile where are we in this process the House Intelligence Committee as we said wrapping up their fact finding in a report and then the House Judiciary Committee takes over and they then try to figure out if there should be charges this is a committee that's led by the Democrat Jerry never tell tell us a little bit more about the difference between what the 2 committees are doing so the Intelligence Committee right now is they are coming up with this report that is going to basically summarize all the information that they got from all. All of these witnesses and documents and things that they that they got from their investigation that we saw play out over the past 2 weeks and so that the Intelligence Committee has been working over the Thanksgiving holiday to pool together this report and then the Judiciary Committee is going to review the report and also to take recommendations from other committees that have investigated Trump about possible impeachable offenses and if the Judiciary Committee determines that there are impeached impeachable offenses then they would be the ones who would draft the articles of impeachment and so there is a question right now is as Akeley how if they do draft articles of impeachment whether they will stay narrowly focused on Ukraine and the Ukraine investigation or whether they will try to expand it to some of those things that happened into a special counsel Robert Muller's report looking into Russian interference in the $26.00 team election but the judiciary would hold a mock up on any articles of impeachment and if the committee approved them then it would be though it would go to the for House of Reps Representatives for a vote and what might the tenor be some Republican members of the panel are already saying you know we can be a raucous bunch What's the sense of what we will be hearing on Wednesday Well I'm sure that you will see as we saw in those hearings that were held before the House Intelligence Committee you will see that the Republicans will try to make their arguments that they don't believe that this process has been fair during the Intelligence Committee hearings you saw a lot of kind of process concerns being raised you know there was being back and forth and there were times where they would try to interrupt the proceedings a bit and so I'm sure you'll see some of that in these in what's happening in the Judiciary Committee let me just as we noted the president on his way the NATO conference a pivotal time. NATO lot of tension there he's been skeptical about alliance even though we just heard him say it's the most important thing a president does and now distracted by impeachment What does the White House hope to get out of this conference briefly Well the White House I think hopes to get what they always want to get out of NATO is more is the members paying more money Swart defense and just spending more in money in general for burden sharing that's what they want to get out of NATO and it's been noted that in fact NATO has increased in member countries have increased their payments but that might be because of an Obama era request for that that they have actually a that they hadn't yet it started before the trumpet ministration in the Target started before the Trump administration but and so they started spending more on defense Yeah n.p.r. White House correspondent facing another busy week thank you thank you well here is a shocking statistic according to the c.d.c. One in 5 women in the United States will experience a completed or attempted rape at some point in their lives and when someone is raped they often have d.n.a. Samples taken but then what happens well it turns out there is a huge backlog of untested rape evidence in Washington state alone some 10000 rape kits are awaiting d.n.a. Testing k o W's and a Boyko why rock reports the state is finally taking big steps to reduce that backlog more than 14 years after she was raped a woman were referring to as j.d. To protect her privacy got a phone call that the victim are no harm and the police had recently gotten d.n.a. Test results from the state crime lab the results identified the stranger who raped the Chadian capital hill in Seattle when she was 15 years old j.d. Told the detective about it over the phone. Walking home from my friend late at night. And I. But again and then that the guy wanted to go with him and he raped me after the rape j.d. Went to a local medical center d.n.a. Samples were taken and j.d. Talked to police but you know at the time I didn't walk across the cure or do anything because I was so young and I was those same that I got so the evidence of the crime sat on a shelf until state law changed in 2015 and Seattle police sent to the state crime lab but with a huge backlog of untested rape kits testing evidence often takes years in this case 2 years that's why this year the Washington state legislature appropriated millions of dollars to more than double the rate of rape kit testing and yet testing is just one part of bringing cold cases to justice and right now it doesn't look like the rest of the justice system will be able to keep up Sergeant Susanna Monroe is a supervisor in the Seattle Police Department's sexual assault unit it's a lot of effort and investigative work that has to happen between that identification on the d.n.a. Profile and actually getting to trial there's quite a bit of work to be done and in between for example Monroe says detectives have to reinterview the victim and try and locate the suspected perpetrator Munro's says she and her detectives are already strained in the past 3 years Seattle police have gotten over $1000.00 d.n.a. Analysis reports from the lab identifying $140.00 suspects she says all of those cases have to be reviewed that could take hours especially if it's a really old case than I have to have my admin go down and find some paper in a box somewhere that's going to take a little while the results can be very valuable the police have reopened over 50 cases because of the d.n.a. Evidence and they have leads on a serial rapist Monroe says d.n.a. Is very strong tool on Eventually you will get caught even if there is an arrest these cold cases face more hurdles in court Ben Santos heads the special assault unit at the King County prosecutor's office. He says these cases don't age well memory spade physical evidence goes away a crime scene after no longer the place that it was one of the incident occurred so Santos says it can be hard to get enough good evidence to convince a jury and convict a suspect when the pace of rape kit testing picks up next year Santos doesn't know how many more cases might come his way but he expects prosecutors will feel it inevitably we are going to need more resources victims' advocates are already feeling strained as a nonprofit King County Sexual Assault Resource Center requests for help have increased 43 percent since 2013 in part from the me to movement executive director Mary Ellen Stone says her organization needs at least another $1000000.00 a year to help victims coming to them it really makes a big difference to have somebody walking alongside them when we're as over extended has we are that's hard to do and the man who raped j d he was caught on July 8th 2018 he stood in front of a judge at the King County Superior Court. Judge read the charges and asked how he pled So those are. The man named Michael Anderson pled guilty he got 7 years in prison his d.n.a. Had led police and prosecutors to him now the case was finally closed 15 years after the crime for here and now I'm an appointee whole Iraq. You're listening to hear now. Beat writer William s. Burroughs had an outsized influence and involvement with multiple generations of musicians I'm Jim De Rogatis and I'm Greg caught we explore the connections between Burroughs and rock'n'roll this week and sound opinions. Words of advice for young people. A few simple admonitions. And listen Saturday night at 10. Am. I'm Jack Lepi ours representatives from nearly 200 countries are gathering in Madrid today for the start of a summit on climate change the meeting is designed to be a follow up to the 2015 Paris climate accord it had to be moved from she lay to Spain to avoid anti-government protests President Trump is threatening to impose steel tariffs on Argentina and Brazil he says the 2 of manipulated their currency and is calling on the Federal Reserve to take action to prevent other countries from doing the same Brazil and Argentina were originally exempted from the tariffs imposed early last year u.s. Construction spending is down for the month of October the Commerce Department reports spending fell point 8 percent over the month due in part to a decline in construction of multifamily homes figure also declined in September you're listening to here and now. America every year new Thanksgiving This American Life brings your annual program about. Poultry. Chickens. That's the day we had before the night 3000 turkeys died real and fictional. This week the tradition continues why would you do that. He. Wasn't tonight at 9. On the next on being the Cuban American poet engineer Richard Blanco I want to sing again beautiful or not it just to be in harmony from sea to shining sea was the only country I know well enough to know how to sing for I'm Krista Tippett join us hope you can join us tonight at 11. Funding for here and now comes from the listeners of w.b. You are Boston and Geico celebrating over 75 years of providing auto insurance for drivers across America more information on auto insurance available at Geico dot com or 180947 auto. This is here and now winter storms are disrupting travel today on one of the busiest travel days of the year AAA says 55000000 people traveled more than 50 miles this year for Thanksgiving and hundreds of thousands did so on Amtrak trains and the u.s. Government owns Amtrak which is on track to break even for the 1st time ever next year I spoke with Amtrak c.e.o. Richard Anderson about that he said the numbers have been moving in the right direction for some time we did improve to the best operating performance in history we had an operating lost $29800000.00 which was an 82 percent improvement over last year and I think over the past 5 years we've reduced the operating loss close to $400000000.00 We talked about a lot more than dollars and cents in our interview I asked him how he's approaching his relationship with Congress a boss he didn't have to deal with in his last job as the c.e.o. Of Delta Airlines we've approached the relationship really bike having credibility in doing what we say we're going to do being able to be good stewards of the resource by having credibility on all the safety issues by running a good railroad by growing the ridership those are I think the most important parts of stewardship of this great asset one of the biggest points of contention that you seem to have with lawmakers of these long distance for it some senators have actually held up confirmation hearings for Amtrak board nominees because they're worried about your plan for the Southwest Chief which is the route from Chicago to l.a. Last year you wanted to break it up and replace nearly 500 miles of that route with the bus Congress has so far force you to continue the existing route is cutting back that long distance service still a priority for you well we think the network needs to morph but. You know on that particular route we have over $100000000.00 of investment that has to go into that route because we operate over a railroad that is no longer maintained by Burlington Northern Santa Fe and it is an antiquated piece of track so if we're going to have the same safety standards and quality standards that's just a lot of money to put into a stretch of a railroad that has I think 7 people that get on and off a day on that little stretch so what we were trying to be as good stewards in offer good answers perfectly happy to take the direction of our owners were working hard to grow ridership and in fact the long distance network last year had a nice year of growth compared to history and we project next year we're going to be quite aggressive about growing ridership and making investments in that but everybody needs to understand those 15 routes take about a $1000000000.00 cash a year from our congressional Grant. And we know there will always be an important place for the long Western overnight trains but there are a handful of those routes that are not even 7 days a week that are 3 days we that could be put to better use serving more people because what we're supposed to do is serve people in America in an efficient safe way and we're merely trying to take a railroad design in the railroad design we have today is really one from the 1920 s. And understanding that Americans live in a very different way and all the growth in our country has come in urban corridors like the corner from Boston to New York and we want to be able to serve that and be relevant because if we're going to deal with congestion growing population and the carbon footprint of automobiles Amtrak is the best answer for inner city transportation in a 2 to 300 mile market well could you and you really could you know what airlines do with unprofitable routes which is basically tell the federal government or members of Congress look if you want to subsidize this particular route go for it but it's not part of our core business well no that wouldn't be appropriate for Amtrak because we have a statutory responsibility to provide intercity travel we also have a statutory responsibility to minimize losses and run this like a business so we're it an intersection of both the really important public policy role and the responsibility to be very good stewards So we have to have good answers for rural communities so we take that challenge but the reality is that probably 90 percent of the people they get on a Amtrak train travel under 300 miles there are only about $170000.00 people a year the. Take a long distance train end to end but there are a very vocal group of people that you know have this sort of historic view of the beauty of go in 45 miles an hour on a train for a couple of days have you ever taken was yes I have I took them as a kid to my dad worked for the railroad so yeah I have and it's enjoyed will it's just that most of us in this day and age you know air travel is cheaper and faster than the long distance service so if you veil yourself of the super low cost carriers in America you can you can get to Seattle for probably around $1120.00 at most on an airplane or take 2 and a half days in a higher faired to go on the train so it's got to be experience will. And that's where we think we should make the investment that there are these really sort of legacy long distance routes that are almost like a part of the Smithsonian that we should do a much better job with fewer of them because we're gonna need to buy all new equipment and that bill is going to start with a b. So we're trying to weigh the demands to continue to serve those communities with a limited number of dollars for a railroad that has a 40000000000 dollars backlog of state of good repair investments that are necessary speaking of the joy of taking trains You recently decided to eliminate dining cars on some of these long distance trains you say that's because of changing consumer habits especially millennial habits I have to say as a millennial I took a train in Switzerland and my favorite thing about it was the dining car the food was amazing Why not just make the experience better and make it as expensive as it needs to be instead of getting rid of the dining car. Well making it acts as expensive as it needs to be is a challenge I mean it is still a product that has a supply and demand equation to it and so the issue is on the single overnight cars right single overnight were the double overnight cars still have 2 dining cars you know a cafe car and a dining car on the single overnight cars we want to go to a single dining car instead of 2 dining cars and provide a much more flexible and higher quality food that can be eaten in your room eating in the cafe car and that we give equal access remember the dining car is only for is a sort of an elitist institution in that sense in that it's only for people that can afford the sleeping car. Accommodation which is a very small number of people on Amtrak and they like the exclusivity of having their own dining car I'd like a more egalitarian situation on the single overnights where we operate a single car and it serves the coach people and the sleeping car people with a much more modern food offering I want to ask you just a couple final questions private rail competition virgin wants to operate a train between Miami and West Palm and soon Orlando are you worried about private rail as a competitor to Amtrak No I think you'd be wonderful if we could have as much rail in this country because you know our mission in policy is to advance inner city rail and I think that's good it's good if it is interesting being at Amtrak because it's so complex on the one hand you have a policy consideration to provide inner city passenger rail mobility and minimize government subsidies and achieve maximum productivity and efficiency so we have all these obligations with the end goal being to advance intercity rail transportation if Virgin can do that that's great for Amtrak you're on track to introduce the new high speed trains on the northeast corridor by 2021 which will completely replace the a cell it trains how fast will it be to get let's say from Washington to New York well we should get speeds up in some sections to 160 miles an hour and we want you know Washington to be York to be subbed 3 hours you took this job on a 3 year contract for 0 salary do you expect to stay beyond those 3 years you know that's up to the board of directors really you know my route you know it sounds corny but you know I was really fortunate. To sort of not have a very good education and be given the kind of opportunities that I was given and you know been from this country and so all I wanted to do was figure out a way in retirement to do some sort of service since I've never been in the military so ultimately the board will decide what's in the best long term interest of Amtrak in terms of continuing to sustain the progress the team has made because we've pretty much hit every goal on finance capital investment safety customer acceptance ridership operating earnings balance sheet positive train control just go down the list so we want to have continuity regardless of who's sitting in this chair against those goals so that we are good stewards of the mission of Amtrak and the assets and funding we're trusted with by Congress that is Amtrak chief executive Richard Anderson thank you so much for joining us thank you so much Jeremy and you can hear more from our conversation at here and now dot org. 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And over you are I'm Robin Young is here now and for the 1st time in nearly a decade the Supreme Court is hearing a case on gun rights and it's a case that may already be moot if you explain is Emily Beslan of the New York Times Magazine Hi Emily I haven't and as you know this is the 1st time they've taken up gun rights since a 2008 decision on a d.c. Ban on handguns and then a 2010 Supreme Court decision in which they said that their decision about d.c. Republish to the whole country in other words they overturned the District of Columbia's handgun ban and said individuals have a 2nd Amendment right to own a gun in their home this case they're considering is about a New York City ordinance which banned gun owners from bringing their legally licensed firearms into other boroughs of the city but when you know gun rights advocates started to challenge that law we understand New York City back down yes that's right so this is a pretty extreme restriction on gun owners right you have a license but you can't take your gun anywhere not even to a shooting range outside the city or like a vacation home and still after this lawsuit was brought in after the Supreme Court agreed to hear it New York City and New York state passed laws that invalidated this rule and that's why the city is making an argument that the case is moot and tell us why they would do that why would New York City repeal their own ordinance I think it just seemed to them like not a very necessary restriction right if you have a valid gun license is it really dangerous to allow people to take their guns to a shooting range or to another house that seems pretty extreme while some are saying that the city scrambled really to repeal the ordinance because they did not want to see this go to the Supreme Court and maybe set precedent across the country because you know lower courts have been ruling on gun rights in the last 10 years and some including some of the justices feel that they've been ignoring the Supreme Court. D.c. Ruling Justice Clarence Thomas and lately have been asking really clamoring for a new case and the other Supreme Court justice says as long as Justice Kennedy remained on the court were reluctant to take one now Candy's gone and it looks like the center of gravity on this issue has shifted and what's at stake is that in Heller of the original 2008 decision the court struck down what was basically a total ban on handguns in Washington d.c. But it also included this language in which it said lots of other kinds of gun restrictions like preventing felons or mentally ill people from owning guns putting restrictions on sales all the kind of modern era gun laws that have become such an important part of our political scene and they all seem to pretty much still be valid and so now what's at stake is whether those gun laws which have been a source of real political activism in the country and year of mass shootings whether many more of those laws will be struck down well so what do you think I mean you just would be an educated guess but do you think that the court will go ahead and take this up even though New York City repealed the ordinance the lawsuit is based on I mean to me when a city repealed an ordinance that really removes the reason for the Supreme Court to be attending to the case and they would be better off waiting for a law that a city or state wants to stand behind but because there has been such an appetite for moving ahead on gun rights it's entirely possible that the conservative wing of the court will decide to proceed with a ruling which really opens the door to striking down a much broader range of gun restrictions the New York Times magazines and Emily Bazelon thank you as always thanks for having me and you're listening to hear now. Surprises wars of words it's not your favorite t.v. Drama this is real life and is major news unfolds Morning Edition moves faster to break it all down to give you context and help you understand what's happening in politics and when you need a break. With stories on science and art and even some humor claims his room. Listen every day from n.p.r. News. And weekday mornings from 5. I'm Jack let the ars House lawmakers today get their 1st look at the impeachment report on President Trump Democratic leaders say the document will speak for itself as the House judiciary committee prepares to hold its 1st hearings on impeachment later this week White House counsel calls the inquiry baseless and highly partisan a panel of North Carolina judges says a congressional map drawn by Republicans will be used in next year's elections the 3 judges say there's not enough time to consider arguments and get a new map in place in time for the vote next November the World Trade Organization says the European Union is still illegally subsidizing air bus at the expense of Boeing the w t o ordered Europe to end the subsidies last year the president cited a use support for Air Bus as part of his reasoning for imposing tariffs on billions of dollars worth of European goods in October you're listening to here and now. And we sound on the couch in the living room there after about 15 minutes more of really serious conversation and she grabbed my head and started kissing me and. Like I said I don't know a lot about women I read the signs. China's true stories of love and loss const and present that's on the Mount Radio Hour from p.r.s. Listen Wednesday nights at 9. Next time on Studio 360 I wanted to make a feminist film that had a missing girl at its center how one director deals with the beautiful dead girl truck certainly I want this film to be a kind of battle cry for young people while Jennifer readers knives and skin is being called a contemporary Heathers That's next time on Studio 360. Plus And Wednesday night at 11. Funding for here and now comes from w.v.u. Our Boston and Olin College of Engineering celebrating Olin 202020 years of integrating engineering with the arts humanities social sciences and entrepreneurship and able ing students to design solutions to put people at the center of problem solving Olin dot edu and Geico celebrating over 75 years of providing auto insurance for drivers across America more information on auto insurance available at Geico dot com or 180947 auto It's here now today live Parness the Ukrainian born businessman who claims ties to President Trump and definitely has them with trans personal lawyer Rudy Giuliani is appearing in federal court he was arrested in October along with Igor Froome and prosecutors say they violated campaign finance laws against foreign money in u.s. Elections when they donated over $300000.00 from an unnamed Russian national to a pro Trump super pac partners and from an also worked with Giuliani to pressure Ukraine to investigate Biden and his son Giuliani denies any knowledge of wrongdoing by the 2 but Parness is now cooperating with the impeachment inquiry and a.b.c. News reports he's provided audio and video that featured Trump and Giuliani So who are these guys Tom hamburgers an investigative political reporter with The Washington Post So Tom Giuliani says he met Parness and Freeman when the 2 are hired him in 20. These 2 characters hired booty Giuliani America's mayor to help them with a company they'd started one that they thought could help people secure their businesses and protect them against fraud their company had the unlikely name fraud guarantee and the 2 met Rudy and made 2018 and apparently hit it off because what we know from multiple people who encountered them is that Giuliani Levin Igor time seemed almost an inseparable trio They traveled together to political fundraisers they had meetings with at the at the Trump Hotel in Washington and were so frequently seen together that it was something that people who knew Giuliani commented on all the time not just in Washington but also overseas where it became known that Rudy Giuliani was associated with these 2 guys and there's nothing wrong with having associations but what are prosecutors now claiming So prosecutors have indicted Lev part as Igor Freeman and one of their partners for making illegal campaign contributions there is no indictment no official statement involving Rudy Giuliani but we have confirmed that Giuliani and his relationship with these guys is something that the prosecutors in the southern district of New York are actively looking at actively investigating and tell us more about this unnamed Russian national That apparently was funneling money through the $2.00 men in 2 campaigns so the plot gets more complicated not simpler one of the suggestions is that a Russian national interested in the marijuana business was providing capital that was then steered into campaigns there is also is part of the indictment a separate company that Rudy Giuliani had some of the. He Asian with a separate company that left Parnassus and Igor Froman launched and it was one that sought to do global energy deals including gas deals in Ukraine and a contribution that showed up of all places at the Trump Super Pac was attributed to that company of left Parnassus and Igor for him and however the indictment states that they were not in fact the donors that there was another donor exactly who this donor was as yet to be determined but it is one of the several items that amount to according to the indictment a violation of u.s. Campaign finance laws Well this company that left part as an eager Freeman started global energy producers also brings us to another thread of the impeachment inquiry which is the move to push out u.s. Ambassador to Ukraine memory of on of it there is a witness This is Dale Perry an American businessman who was close to the top official at Naftogaz this is the Ukrainian national gas company and this businessman Del Perry claimed to overhear Parness and Freeman's conversation with NAFTA gatt in which they were trying to pitch their global energy producers business to NAFTA gas and that they hope to see new leadership at the company soon and that someone who opposed replacing the company's chief executive would soon be gone and that that somebody was the ambassador you have on of it I mean this just gets we need a white board here but apparently they knew in advance that the ambassador was going to be out and there was going to be a clear path to new leadership at the national gas company the plot thickens considerably when you get into this aspect of live and e-commerce business and they were specifically seeking to break into Ukraine's lucrative natural. Gas Market natural gas has in Ukraine's recent history been identified as a source of fraud and corruption and Ambassador Yavanna made it her business as u.s. Policy has directed to deter corruption by keeping that gas company independent of corrupt influences and so she was known to be a defender of the current regime governing and after gas Levon Igor according to a witness at a meeting that occurred in Houston Texas and 2019 discussed replacing that c.e.o. If that individual were replaced it was viewed by u.s. Policy as a blow to the anti corruption policy priority so live in Igor began talking about the ambassador as someone who was a hurdle to their goals and they complained about this investor as did Rudy Giuliani and they told people starting in late $28.00 teen that she would be gone soon a year later in May $29000.00 gone and this too is an area that prosecutors in New York have been looking at we know that because executives of NAFTA gas have been asked to come to New York and talk with prosecutors what do they know about Levon Igor's efforts to replace the NAFTA gas board and what was Rudy Giuliani's role if any in that enterprise you know look there are so many threads here but that was the one that people might be most familiar with is the one that brings us to the push to investigate the Bidens left Parness says he's the one who set up a call for Rudy Giuliani with a to show can that's the Ukrainian prosecutor that Biden helped force out the international thinking was that show can was corrupt but Parness set up a meeting with Giuliani and show can show King claims that he was forced out because Joe Biden's son Hunter. Was on the board of a company that he was supposed to be investigating again the world thinking was that he wasn't doing the investigating of corruption he was supposed to so part is has a link there with Giuliani and also with the president I mean there are pictures of live Parness and eager for women with President Trump at a White House Hanukkah party left part is that he lived in the u.s. As a kid and actually sold Trump condos for Donald Tom's father Fred Trump but President Trump claims not to know him What's your sense after this reporting there are multiple pictures many of them posted from social media by Levon Igor at the times that they did meet with Donald Trump but there are 2 meetings that stand out the 1st meeting that occurs in mid 2018 this is just after 11 Igor through their energy company have given a donation now tagged as an illegal donation by prosecutors to the Trump super pac and according to multiple people that discussion included and they have said or you have on of each and they described not only how you gonna bitch might be a hurdle to their gas interests but also they identified her as someone who was never Trumper and it was from that meeting that the 2 began to tell others that they thought Ivana vege the ambassador would be gone very soon so it's pretty you know just one seem pretty hard to deny that President Trump knew who these 2 men were so we know that they they met with Donald Trump not only had multiple fundraisers and then had dinner with him and with John she when you're at the Trump tell they were also at Hanukkah party at the White House at the end of 2018 and again had photographs made in describe discussions they had with the president as President Trump says and has done Junior's lawyer has told us the members the. Trump family are constantly thrust into grip and grin photographs with people whom they barely know but the number of meetings that occurred not only with President Trump but with his most intimate campaign supporters suggests that these 2 guys unlikely as it seems were in fact perceived anyway as being part of the inner circle and whether Trump knew them well or not they certainly boasted about a friendship and they used it to not only advance their own economic goals but also to extract information from the Ukrainians that might be helpful to Donald Trump and his upcoming presidential reelection campaign unlikely duo who you think think the key phrase there Tom Hamburger investigative political reporter with The Washington Post we'll link you to their writing at here now dot org Tom thank you thank you it's here now. 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Station math works creators of Matlab and Simulink software for technical computing and model based design math works Excel aerating the pace of discovery in engineering and science learn more at math works dot com and Geico offering auto insurance coverage for cars trucks or S.U.V.s and providing 247 customer service more information on auto insurance at Geico dot com or 180947 auto. This is here and now American parents spend an average of $16000.00 a year on child care in the u.s. That's according to $27000.00 figures from the Brookings Institution and that number represents a big increase in fact spending on child care per child has increased by about 2000 percent between the 1970 s. And the 2 thousands there Thompson has been looking at this he is senior editor at The Atlantic and joins us from Washington as he does each Monday had Derek Hello Jeremy So you're right about that staggering 2000 percent increase that researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found you say there's a major underlying cause what is it yeah it's a staggering number and in many cases a sad number but the underlying cause isn't so tragic it's basically the fact that in the 2nd half of the 20th century thousands and thousands millions of women enter the labor force and so the work of caring for infants from a world of stay at home moms and dads to the world of salaried labor and especially happened in 1970 s. 1980 s. That is the time when a more women were entering the workforce and b. When you saw the fastest acceleration in child care spending so raising children of course is work it's always been work but for decades and centuries before that the work is mostly done by unpaid bombs at home in the 2nd half the 20th century that work shifted to childcare centers and that's when you really saw this explosion in the cost of having young children and it's getting expensive at a faster rate than other things are getting expensive this is about anything else the Census Bureau tracks how expensive just about everything is getting whether you're talking about toys or shirts or television screens and childcare is getting expensive faster then all of that between 199-2011 childcare expenditures rose more than 40 percent that's during a period when middle class wages stagnated and as a result you have states like California. Where the typical cost of a daycare center is essentially equal to about a half of the median income of a single mother so this is become a serious problem not only for middle class families but even for richer families who are finding that the cost of children is keeping them from having as many as they otherwise might well and I can just say on this Cyber Monday that television screens are actually getting less expensive dirge Yes exactly back to the subject at hand why is it getting so expensive is that just because it requires so many actual people you can't do childcare by computer or you know Gerri television screens are a perfect comparison how are t.v. Screens made they aren't made by a handful of machinists who live in Washington d.c. We ship that work off to Bangladesh and China and Vietnam and a lot of it is automated but you can't offshore child care and you can't automate child care because no one would want a robot raising their 3 year old and also because it happens to be against the law childcare is extremely regulated so as a result just about anything that's really labor intensive human labor intensive gets faster gets expensive faster than almost everything else and so you see that with health care you see it with college prices and here you see it with child care so how does it compare to what other countries are paying for child care or what we pay in the u.s. Has a compare it compares very poorly as I write in the piece the u.s. Has the worst of both worlds we pay Cadillac prices for an Edsel product the typical family in the u.s. Spends about 10 percent of their income on child care that is way more than some of the rich countries and it's mostly because We've privatized for the for the most part our system of child care in the us whereas in a place like France for example they spend about 5 times or on care education of young children that we do here in the u.s. And as a result it's essentially nationalized it so everyone is paying for child care they're just paying for it with taxes as opposed to paying that daycare facility directly so you know if you look at. Cross other o.e.c.d. Countries other similarly rich countries what you essentially see is that a lot of other places have made a decision at the federal level at the national level to say we're all going to bear the cost of this the same way we might for elementary school or community college or public university but here in the us for whatever reason we assume that the price of caring for educating children between the ages 0 and 5 that should fall directly on the family so as we get into a presidential election year what are some of the proposals out there to reduce the cost of child care and are any of them likely to come to fruition there are lots of plans and I would say none of them are likely to come to fruition at least as written so for example as before and who has a plan for everything has proposed to spend about 2 trillion dollars on a national child care system that would essentially be quite like a federalized version of the French or Spanish or Swiss child care system but there's a reason that d.c. Doesn't play as big a role in child care as other countries it's because from anybody decades there has been an argument particularly among conservatives that we don't want to attenuate the relationship between parents and their children by essentially having said nationalized system but as the cost of child care goes up and up and up I don't see this the future as being a left issue or right issue I think it's a family issue and I think that you're going to see over the next few years maybe even over the next few months a more bipartisan attempt to have a national solution to the childcare costs crisis that is there Thompson senior editor at The Atlantic I'm a link you to his piece on why child care is so expensive at here and now dot org Thanks thank you and hear it as a production of n.p.r. And w.b. You are in association with the b.b.c. World Service I'm Jeremy Hobson Now. 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Every weekday at the corner of Wall Street and Broad in New York City there is a ritual that takes place under study where trends are going and working towards and feeding into them is part of what you do as you manage your brand but you know we've been on a 4 year journey of kind of repositioning our product I'm Ali what the tradition behind the New York Stock Exchange is opening and closing bells next time on Marketplace hope you can join us tonight at 630. This is Connecticut Public Radio n.p.r. And n.p.r. 81 married and 90.5 w p k t w p k t h do you want Norwich at 89 point one. Point 5 you are ally Southampton at 91.3. 0 or. Funding for here and now comes from Mathworks creators of Matlab and Simulink software accelerating the pace of engineering and science learn more at Mathworks dot com from n.p.r. And Boston I'm Jeremy Hobson And I'm Robert Young It's here and now. Coming up that major climate change conference gets underway in Spain also how do wild animals deal with big weather events like hurricanes turns out some seem to sense danger they had 14 black tip sharks they were in transmitters all 14 of them moved out of the deep water ahead of hurricane Gabriel and. It has a Grammy winning music career a long time marriage to country superstar Garth Brooks and a hit show on the Food Network fans say she's one of their own and they feel like I could be in the kitchen with her it wouldn't be weird and if I dropped an egg on the floor she wouldn't think it was a bad thing to she does that to it's just real coming out. News his 1st. Live from n.p.r. News in Washington I'm Lakshmi saying the impeachment inquiry moves to a new stage in the House of Representatives this week House panels are considering whether the president abused his power in pressing Ukraine for an investigation into Democrats here's N.P.R.'s Mara Liasson the House Judiciary Committee will hold a public hearing on Wednesday focusing on the definition of an impeachable offense the fact finding phase of the impeachment inquiry is over now the House must decide if President Trump abused his power by trying to get Ukraine to investigate one of his potential political rivals and if that abuse of power warrants his removal from office a full House vote on impeachment is expected by the end of the year Mara Liasson n.p.r. News Washington the president who denies he did anything wrong is refusing to send his lawyer to the Wednesday hearing he says the whole process is a hoax Trump was talking to reporters at the White House as he was preparing to leave on a 3 day trip to London for a NATO gathering one of trance closest allies is fighting corruption charges in Israel the country's attorney general resubmitted Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is indictment to parliament the reports.