On Fox as the Nats beat the Astros 7 to 2 the 7th decided game is Wednesday night in Houston America is listening to Fox News. That's the latest from Fox News poll and just their campaign with their with updates from reporters on the trail in studio experts break keeps you informed on the totally 20 race go to Fox News projects dot com and download the campaign with no. I'm Maria Bartiromo from Fox Business My parents lived the American dream to come to his restaurant I was the coach today I'm still working the hardest time ever work getting my viewers every I can to help them succeed I'm Stuart Varney from business my host investor. Right here in America good. Business in. The Fox News rundown is a weekday morning dives deep into the Major and controversial stories of the day hosted by the anchors on Fox News Radio and subscribe to hear a perspective of news you won't find anywhere else I go until Fox News but I just don't go. As wildfires continue to burn in hell for no more entrenched power outages he genie in Northern California an investor owned utility has again shut off the power for the 4th time this month hoping to avoid having their Clinton spark another wildfire in windy weather Governor Gavin Newsome says this means some are going nearly a full week without power which is simply unacceptable and that goes to the issue of greed and mismanagement he defended the state's response saying they pre-positioned fire crews throughout the state and spent money creating defensible space in fire prone communities he says the Public Utilities Commission has begun an investigation into the power shut off and they have a new chairperson and I can assure you the days of being cozy through these 3 utilities is over Jessica Rosenthal thoughts news Southern California those Santa Ana winds subject up again we have the most significant wind event in Los Angeles of the villagers Mayor Eric Garcetti who says the waves are whipping to get a fire that's already destroyed 12 homes it is at 15 percent. In 3 months a group of California students and community organizations threatening to go to court claiming bias in college and predicts entrance exams lawyers for 3 students the Compton Unified School District and several other groups claim the S.A.T.'s exams favor white wealthy students by unlawfully discriminating against disabled low income and minority students they want the University of California system to drop the tests from admissions requirements lawyers issued a letter to university reach in saying they have 10 business days to respond or face litigation the company behind the a c t denies claims of bias and the College Board which owns the s.a.t. Says scores are predictive of college performance but decades of research find scores are most affected by socioeconomic backgrounds of students Steve Rapaport Fox News Los Angeles better drove his car off a pier drowning his 2 autistic sobs at his cars but convicted of 14 federal charges Elma Zaetta taken a 7 $1000000000.00 insurance bill. Jack l.a. And. As I went through school one giant question loomed over me why did I want to. Make an old subject feel like a fresh thought and unconventional methods comment on the to real things less important and little things like patience and kindness. Make week days more exciting than weekends and classrooms feel like anything but and make things different which is all I ever hope for the future I'm. Finding out how you can make more externality make more teach I teach and the Ad Council. New Normal proving to be too much for. The nation's largest company Pacific Gas and Electric turned off the power for a 3rd time this year to her. From damage Quitman which could lead to a blaze igniting up 260-0000 customers that's about 1500000 people and 29 Northern California counties will be affected by the latest round of power cuts which started today that means people who had the power go out on Saturday and were still getting the lights back on on Monday and now faced with the prospect of being in the dark again for several days my gosh and California's recent power shut off it's meant to reduce the risk of potentially catastrophic fires have had an unwelcome side effect the blackouts have also cut power to many cell phone towers blocking the main communications source for many in harm's way let's check in with our expert on such matters Lauren Weinstein this is a serious situation Lorne Let's check that they were well into the 21st century and we can't keep the power on if this if we were a 3rd world country in the 20th century the power companies are blacking out millions of people now though. Those people have medical conditions they're dependent on power they don't have easy transportation to leave but the executives of those companies their salaries are great so they're paid while the grid rots away and the same kind of situation is why this relates to the cell sites going out because of deregulation the minimum is done to provide backup power for those cell sites there's a little bit of battery time sometimes there are generators but if there's a fire they can't get to the cell sites to provide fuel for the generators there was a time when a t.n.t. Back in the Bell System days they were so proud of their commitment to reliable service provisioning services to stay up and natural disasters in emergencies you can go to youtube and you can find films that they produced explaining and bragging really they were so proud of their public service attitude now they deregulated just an excuse to raise rates do the minimum service necessary in many areas many of the large telephone companies have ripped out all their old copper telephone circuits which provided the most reliable service Oh yeah all the old landlines Goodwife the pots landlines they're powered from the central office so there they are essentially a 1000000 to the kinds of power cuts we're talking about now I recommend that anyone who can still get them get at least one landline in your home a copper landline because the 1st thing that goes down the 1st things that go down in the natural disaster are other kinds of emergencies the cell sites go down the cable systems go down the Internet goes down. You don't want to be left that way you got it and the thing that persisted so irritating about this is there have been attempts the path regulations and laws to require reasonable backups for these of the baby 8 hours of power things like that and you can guess how the big companies have reacted to that the big telephone companies they fought them tooth and nail that's how we ended up where we are now on a disaster Lauren thanks always appreciate your input the President Trump has again blamed the Federal Reserve for holding back the economy saying the u.s. Has unlimited potential uses the Fed doesn't have a clue he tweeted as u.s. Policymakers began the 1st of a 2 day meeting a top advisor to President Donald Trump on Ukraine testified that after listening to Mr Trump ask your Crane's president to investigate a domestic political rival Joe Biden he was so alarmed that he reported the matter to a White House lawyer out of concern for u.s. National security let's check in with Dr John Curtis about all of this it looks like the House is going to take this to television John but give me your overview Ok my overview is this torch that the act itself of twisting somebodies arm as a president as a secretary of state as anybody in the government with respect to anyone who receives money foreign aid from or military aid whether it's you know for humanitarian reasons or for military reasons the any u.s. Official can strong arm any foreign leader to comply with what it is that the country wants out of the holding those purse strings and giving that cash to those countries so the premise that pulling or twisting somebodies arm or applying coercion or pressure on a foreign leader is an impeachable offense is preposterous. It's ridiculous It happens every day how many years have you heard that if the Israelis if Netanyahu doesn't do this or doesn't do that they're going to cut military aid they're going to cut humanitarian aid to Israel it happens all the time so that the dog and pony show that's going on right now in Congress and behind closed doors I might add with Adam Shift at the head interviewing all these people and getting precisely because actually what they what they want out of these witnesses is not going to hold that been any kind of a trial it's not going to hold up anywhere there's no alternative witnesses there's no cross-examination Republicans are entirely essentially excluded from the entire process so they're building a case against Trump that is on a stack of cards that is like cotton candy any prosecutor can tear this case apart but the basic premise of the case that the president of United States has engaged in a high crime in misdemeanor because he asked a foreign leader about. A potential corruption that went on in the Ukraine that involved a one among 20 presidential candidates son mainly focused on his son Hunter receiving in excess of $150000.00 a month for a 4 year period and that was just in Ukraine not to mention the 1000000000 and a half dollars he walked away with in China because his father was vice president and you know that there are the liberal press is in trouble when they start running stories after this is brought up about the the Bidens when they're starting to talk about it wanted its dealings and Don Trump and Donald Trump Jr. Dealings and this and that they are they know that whatever case they build against Tropp they couldn't get him on obstruction they couldn't get him on Russian collusion their plan all along was to have a strategy to impeach him to guarantee that back shop a could add b. Smirch ing his approval ratings as much as possible before the election to give their candidate the back shot of winning in 2020 so if you want to big picture of really what's gone on this is a continuation of the Russian hopes that that kind of blew up in their face there was the obstruction the hopes that they couldn't really do anything with and now it's suddenly a whistleblower really isn't a whistle blower they're like their whistleblower like Edward Snowden was a whistleblower or like Chelsea Manning was a whistleblower these are people basically partisans who are snooping and snitching out to get Trump because they they that you know it's the inside of the f.b.i. That decided you know the strokes and Lisa pages that somehow trump should be president so we're going to do everything we can possible within the f.b.i. At our disposal in the intelligence community to sabotage his presidential campaign this election and 20 twentieth's could have even heard it's interesting John thanks and appreciate your debate with our blog that we had last week a vaccine which could revolutionize tuberculosis treatment has been unveiled by researchers and let's hope the vaccine will provide long term protection against this disease which kills $1500000.00 people around the world each year the highly contagious disease is caused by bacteria and the current vaccine is not very effective at. All anti inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin can battle major depression effectively and could be a safer alternative than antidepressants according to a new study just remember that folks Up next we're going to talk about when the earth had to move next on Coast to Coast. Because the reality emergency is usually strike without warning we're surprised when the electricity goes out or gets turned off by the power company or when the stock market crashes certainly with earthquakes there's 0 warning things happen that you just don't expect and what it's breaking news it's too late to prepare now you're in a panic scramble you should act while things are calm ask yourself could you feed yourself for several weeks with the food you have at home at this very moment if not it's time to build an emergency food supply and I trust and use my Patriots supply and you should to a 2 week food kit get you started this week save 70 dollars on those food kits when you go to my special website prepare with George dot com These food kits include meals that last up to 25 years in storage and they arrive fast with guaranteed 2 day delivery to your door those that know what's coming are using today to prepare go to prepare with George dot com prepare with George dot com Here's Ed website again for a pair with George dot com insurance elicitation but a broker offering planes from different companies no government or Medicare affiliation this coverage is not available to members continue to pay their part b. 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And welcome back to coast to coast George Norry with you our special guest for the next couple hours Professor Erik Asphaug back with us it was last with me about 8 years ago when renowned Lunar and Planetary Laboratory expert at the University of Arizona Tucson Previously he was the Ronald the Greeley chairperson of planetary sciences at Arizona State University professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at u.c. Santa Cruz as well the 1st mission he worked on was the Galileo the flagship that had been launched when he was teaching high school and was approaching the Jupiter system when he started his post-doctorate at NASA He has since been on the science teams of several past and present missions to the moon and might or might or planets as well Eric welcome back it is a really been 8 years you know I was trying to remember George and I remember that phone call really well and enjoy your show a lot thank you and I guess it has been 8 years they were a good thing we don't get any older my gosh you're right and let's not let 8 more years go by after this before we get you back on again Eric agreed great book Earth had 2 moons fascinating I mean I could put it down interesting theory let's let's 1st of all talk a little bit about what's going on in the world of science and we'll get into your work in a very big way hear anything revolutionary going on these days well you know we're at this point where we've. The industrial revolution is kind of lead to bigger and bigger telescopes you know like the gravity wave monitors and space telescopes that are bigger than your house and you know so we're like at this cus it's very interesting you know we're at this point where we're starting to observe things that we've never seen before and. You know and it sparks a curiosity because we're not really. You know our brains are wired to handle a lot of a lot of change with reality year by year but I guess the biggest news is just all the planets that we know of. Something like 4000 of them now are you a believer in life after I am I am actually glad. That they visited us well you know there I'm. A scientist my day job is to be a skeptic Ok and nothing wrong with that nothing nothing wrong with that because if there weren't skeptics you'd never know what the truth was right. It's it's like if a defendant if the murderer doesn't have a good lawyer you won't know for sure that he was a murderer right lots of strange things going on out there or you know I check it all out I mean not all of it I. Nimitz videos Oh my God Yeah these these are quite interesting to me and. You know I should say that most Well the response of scientists is usually either a knee jerk reaction to discount all of that. You know and say that it always turns out to be something else which usually is the case most most things do turn out to be something else but then the other side you're starting to see more and more scientists to look at these things with a little bit of an open eye. You know for example the Nimitz videos from the from the fighter jets and then the asteroid moon. Interstellar or whatever it is whatever that is and you have people like the chairman of astronomy at Harvard University writing a serious paper on that this thing could have been a piece of an alien spaceship which is fascinating and they call it a Dyson sphere and God who knows what this thing could be it's probably a big old space rock but you know what the imagination does wonders doesn't. Now the title of this book of course is when the earth had 2 moons which tells me that you think we had 2 moons what happened well it's kind of an evocative title you know if it's meant to sell books. Well you're doing a good job with that and and the notion of 2 moons we had this theory that we published gosh in 2011 I guess it was and. Thinking it's still an unsolved mystery why does the moon have 2 sides we have a near side that everybody stares at every night except for tonight it's a new moon you can only see the you could just barely see the crescent exactly you know people were observing it and. But the man in the moon the money rabbit in the moon whatever you call it from whatever culture these are all big lava flows that a filled in all these low basins and it's all this dark basalt all over the near side and then in 159 was the 1st time humans had ever seen the far side thanks to a robotic missions sent by the Russians in 1959 the Luna 3. Ition and. You see you don't see any of that stuff you just see the high mountains and then subsequent missions show that the far side of the moon the crust is about 20 miles sticker than the crust is on the near side and so we came up with kind of a you know it's kind of a crazy idea but all the pieces fit together really well that the moon is actually 2 moons that collided and one of the moons splattered against the other kind of like 2 snowballs spotted together he is the 2nd moon totally encompassed by the needs a 1st moon or did the parts of these fragments fly off into space somewhere it would be kind of like a pie in the face the physics of it's about the. Same physics it was kind of funny because you think about things as. One thing it's another in planetary science and you're supposed to think I'm going to make an impact crater or I'm going to demolish it but here if you have 2 moons orbiting around the earth and they actually do collide which which basically means their orbits went on stable and they got in trouble and they hit each other. You know these collision all velocities are pretty slow and so it's kind of like a big landslide or a big car pileup it's just all this so the 2nd man just kind of flattens like a pancake and becomes the farside Highlands that becomes all those mountains and so in our theory the far side of the moon really is this other man flattened out and splatted into place what would happen the planet Earth if we didn't have a moon at all that's a great question. I think the. The most significant effect would be apart from the fact that the impact we think a giant impact made the moon there's a lot of evidence for that and then that probably set the stage for the earth being the kind of planet that is. So the moon being. You know part of the formation process of the earth could could be part of what it makes to have a planet that picks the way that ours ticks you know it has Plate Tectonics it has ocean basins that open up it has this certain composition a certain amount of water we don't know the answer to that for sure but we do know we can play the thought experiment take them in a way to scope pick it up put it somewhere else what is the earth do the earth's axis is no longer stabilized you can think of the moon as kind of like a cam wheel or something you know something that sort of stabilizes the rotation and if you took the moon away the earth would actually have seasons that would point all over the place instead of pointing you know the earth's axis is 23 and a half degrees from due north and it gives this spring summer winter and fall as we go around the sun you know the North points towards the sun in the summer the north points away from the sun in the northern winter you might have times where the North Pole points directly at the sun and the equator of the earth could become the cold part. You know we have just the seas and we also lose that gorgeous full moon would we be having my gosh you know I mean I think when I said you know there's like a little crescent moon tonight I'll bet you you know like a 3rd of the listeners probably saw it. And you know every every day for me that's the thing that's amazing about the moon is that everybody has some kind of a relationship with them and we we've seen it since we were babies. You know it's something that's always up there if you're having your worst day ever you can look at the moon there it is it's never going to change sort of follows you around so I think it's a very potent thing for the human psyche pencil 1st thing I looked at with a telescope that my parents bought me a they bought me a little 3 inch refractor when I was a kid in the owner of the telescope shop took my wooden tripod legs painted them black and then took white paint and speckled like little stars and I apologize I'll just never forget it but the 1st thing I looked at was the moon of course and our gosh Eric I mean I had never seen anything so intriguing in all my life I mean I must have been about 10 or 11 years old and you're looking at the moon with this telescope much better than you could with your naked eye and I couldn't believe it I mean looking at those craters and stuff it was just fascinating and I was hooked right after that I mean you go kind of through people who have had that experience with little telescopes I mean that's the experience that you know Galileo had and Robert Hooke and another astronomer gorgeous hundreds there's something about seeing something 3 times bigger all of a sudden everything that you thought was one way. Isn't this rich or. And the more we look with more and more powerful instruments the richer it all becomes And I looked at Saturn and saw the Rings him that got me to what hold on Eric we're going to take a quick break then we'll come back and talk more about your work when the earth said 2 moons also did we have a binary star system in the solar system so we'll check in next hour we'll take your phone calls with Eric and I've got Bill from Hartford the amateur astronomer will give us a call good Daily Show Updates right to your inbox for free with the coast zone newsletter sign up today coast to coast am done. Any 10 project if there is a whistle. Blowing. At the stop that can for the fun activities and plenty of treats for all the kids. Can friend located on El Camino Real in San Bruno on a new doctor a doctor wants to talk to me get to know me but my job is like let my kids are like I want to Dr Who isn't watching. I used to have a doctor who kind of like family of doctors like yes but you have to look around until in physicians it's a community of independent. Who work for their patients. Because . Family. The impeachment inquiry Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer says Republicans know the clock is ticking. They realize that their defenses are declining but Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell says Democrats are feeling the heat from the Republican try to. Transfer their mate. And vote on the resolution set for Thursday the trial of a grizzly Texas murder gets underway in Fort Worth Texas. Is accused of shooting in the head as he slept that there are links in the home and 2017 Prosecutors say the 17 year old girlfriend was shot and killed as she tried to flee boxes reached in the sun and the Nationals beat the Astros to force a Game 7 of the world series America's. Biggest Night of the year in Pike County. Calling all the living. At the shop that can spread the fun activities plenty of treats for all kids. Can friend located on. Camino Real in San Bruno. Dr doctor wants to talk to me get to know me well my job is like my kids are like I want to Dr Who isn't watching the. I used to have a doctor who like family of doctors like yes but you have to run into physicians it's a community of independent doctors who work for their patients. Because . Family. Everybody. This. Is it. And. I'll. Keep the. Little. Secret. Since tax may entail or have been frequently performed together including a collaboration with the lodger's which ended in May 2000 and I. Released a total of 18 number one albums 18 number one singles estimates of the album sales generally range from 202300 1000000 albums making them one of the world's best selling music artists they received From the gateway to the west coast to coast with George Noory. All over the place we'll be talking a lot about that with our goals to go show coming up on Thursdays so make sure you're part of the program while as you know we've launched the Art Bell vault and it's exciting for Coast insiders to more shows put in every Wednesday the 2 new ones have to do with the previous ghost to go shows one from 1994 the other from 2004 in they're just great and exciting program so make sure you sign up to be a coast insider a tell you more about that next hour but the full information is had coast to coast am dot com. Will be a good time to try to come aboard so I had to eat notched up the stock condition. To stop taking kind of Flora it was just incredible to see him set out to fill before such as into meetings around my house when I had the exit trying to do and to not have some slight of something amazing happened which were any more I might actually have contracted I'm a staggering about this one but speeding it should become fact that. 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Of Quicken Loans 30 percent of Americans who are planning home improvements of 5000 dollars or more will pay for those renovations with a high interest credit card that may not be a great idea a better idea may be to take cash out of your home with a Quicken Loans 30 year fixed rate mortgage the rate today in our 30 year fixed rate mortgage is 3.99 percent a.p.r. 4.08 percent call us today at 800 Quicken or go to rocket mortgage dot com breaks up exchange a 1.25 percent fee to receive a discounted rate offer cause information and commissions equalising under license in all $50.00 states and a letter 30 I'm Chris circa Bono founder of on talk that we started on talk it because we couldn't find shirts that look good on tucked that's why we created the perfect untucked shirt so guys can look sharp and feel casual untucked search for just the right length we have 55th combinations so tall short slim and bigger guys of all ages can look great in untucked shirts try the original on Talk sure at one of 75 on talk at stores or at untucked at dot com Use the promo code fall for 20 percent off your 1st purchase. If you even knew this weather and traffic station News Radio 960. And welcome back to coast to coast George Norry with you we will take calls next hour with our planetary expert Erik Asphaug and his latest book is called when the earth had 2 moons the subtitle is also important Erik cannibal planets icy Giants dirty comets dreadful orbits in the origins of the night sky let's go through some of those what are cannibal planets well again of a planet that was sort of a possible alternate title for the book. When you when you look at the Earth that we all live on modern theory is that it was built when. Other planets came together so the earth swallows up these other planets. If you want to find a way back machine back to 4600000000 years ago before there were planets the sun had just been born big pile of gas and dust in the universe from a from a nebula falls onto itself gravitationally and then enough matter gets into one spot that it heats up becomes a star and then you start to make the planets. And then of the traditional theories worked of of how to make the planets and what we've what we've ended up with after you know a century of trying to figure this out is there must have been about 30 or 40 or maybe a 100 planets orbiting the sun. Yeah and so and then these would orbit. Gracefully for some time but when you think about it each planet if it has a close encounter with another one it'll knock its orbit around a little bit and pretty soon things get a little messed up and after you. Wind the clock forward now 10000000 years 20000000 years 304050 about 100000000 years during those. 1st 100000000 years you had those 30 planets gobbling each other up until you end up with the 4 terrestrial planets we have today Eric let's take spirituality out of the sea Quezon for just a moment but you know when you look at the universe in the stars in the planets and all this incredible stuff and then our complexity of life on this planet I got to ask is a planetary scientist what do you think life is I mean what is this I mean it's it just seems like it's so out of place with the rest of the universe. It's what is life I mean it's it's. If it gets to the question of. When people say is there life elsewhere in the cosmos I think most scientists will raise their hand right away saying yes but they would but that they'd be mostly talking about microbes little you know small small bugs single cellular organisms little bacterium and stuff like that in a bacteria we've never been able to finda size these things or do this you know we life has to start with the miraculous concoction of the right molecules doing the right things but I think the basic definition of of life is some kind of the you know self organized. Process that replicates itself and you know I'm not a biologist so biologists out there will probably laugh at my definition but but then you kind of go up to up the scale and you have sentience life and sentient life would be like a chicken or a pig or a worm you know something. And then you have what we call sapient life and sapient is Latin for wisdom and I would be you know I guess we're wise and you know people sometimes sometimes and and then you know maybe you would keep going up the scale you know maybe to some creatures out there in the somewhere in the galaxy where about is sophisticated chickens. But the. You know I feel like we're on the cusp in a lot of astronomers feel like we're on the cusp of being able to answer. The question of are we alone in the universe it feels like the timing has come in terms of the types of instruments we have now the amount of intense scrutiny all the data are getting massive radio telescopes are now pointing directly at these planets that have been discovered around us listening to see if we can hear from any what we call techno signature you know it's like. You know any any sort of radio stations or laser beams that they might have the. You know using for for various things and you mention the Dyson spheres you know alien. Civilizations that are that might be out there. You know it has it has that it has the feeling to me if you go back in time to 1902 we didn't know about any other planets other than our solar system there was. That's not too long ago no no it was like you know just in fairly recent memory and I remember it quite well this sort of sort of scientific skepticism and today it seems remarkable right I mean seems kind of arrogant to think that we'd be the only star of all the 100000000000000000 trillion stars that are out there we'd be the only one that has planets but you know sceptics are skeptics and and the. And then in 1903 astronomers they just got the Nobel Prize for this to Swiss astronomers they discovered the 1st what we call an exoplanet. And these were the easy ones to find these would be planets the size of Jupiter orbiting about 10 times closer to their star than Mercury orbits the Sun So these these big giant planets that whip around their star every 4 or 5 days getting roasted and baked by the sun and these no nobody had ever seen these before and we actually I should preface that by we we don't actually see the planets we see signatures that they're orbiting their star. And then there was its space telescope called Kepler that was launched in the I think it was 2005. 5 and it ended the mission around 2000 and. 10 so it operated for about 5 years and it it did one thing only it stared at a pretty random patch of the sky didn't blink it had a extremely high pixel count c.c.d. Just like you know your best camera but you know on steroids and just stared at the stars without moving and without blinking for years and then if any of those stars had planets and if those stars happened to have the planets in the same plane so that they would pass in front of their star it would be like a little mini eclipse and the star would get a little bit dimmer. It was a little bit of a gamble but after 3 years of operation suddenly we had 34000 new planets including some that are potentially kind of Earth like and I think that's mind blowing you know that we've gone from a period where we were hard pressed to to to think for sure that there were planets to now to put a number on it there's probably a 100000000000 trillion planets and there's got to be life it's got to be teeming with life Altair Eric. You know I put on my skeptic hat. Just go one percent you know Frank Drake the drink equation that's got to be out there yeah the one thing the one thing we don't know is you know does the development of this little molecule like the d.n.a. Or the r.n.a. Does that take some kind of an event that's one in a quintillion you know right or is it easy if you have the temperature of the water and the right complexity Yeah yeah so I so I feel we're kind of like when it comes to life in the universe I think we might kind of be like we were with the existence of planets back in the ninety's right now all the scientists are being very skeptical it's kind of our job and then you know if some data comes and we get some definite signature of life around some other planet suddenly the whole world's going to change you know will will be will know that we're in a universe that's teeming with life and will and there's a difference between believing it which I actually believe that and knowing it would you say I knew it when they come up with that. Idea you would be surprised I wouldn't be surprised. I'd be I'd be really interested in what the human societal response would be. And the life could take for it could be like dolphins or whales or shopping who knows. And the kinds of the kinds of things were. You know we tend to you know we grew up on Star Trek and things like that and some of the things in Star Trek and approving true like now we all have i Pads and we all have cell phones that's right you know and then other things where all the planets have these creatures that look just like ours that's probably not true that's a production cost thing you can't have you know you want to go back and put on an alien suit and get on with the show but. You know what what would be the kind of life and what would what fascinates me is the question of what would be the the most advanced life that's out there yeah exactly but we have these brains were developed around a 1000000 years ago we started valving quite a bit hominids and suddenly our brains doubled in size about a 1000000 years ago 2W2W to 1000000 years ago and this kind of coincided with the striking plants to make tools out of them and sort of getting this more complex interaction with the universe and then also the ability to kill animals more efficiently to feed ourselves and and so we kind of grew these brains but when you think about it the brain is a pretty burdensome thing. It uses about 30 percent of your body's energy See gotta eat 30 percent more it's this fragile thing on top of your head that you've got to take care of. You know so that's what were the evolutionary advantages I don't you know not too clear other than we're smart and we can do a lot of things but but it's limited by our ability to move around so when you think of what's the smartest creature in the universe it might be this big gigantic sponge like organism at the bottom only a notion that has a brain the size of a house that's saying what am I doing down here. You know what's so amazing about life too though in order to exist the way we do here on this planet you needed eyes to see you needed a nose to breeze you needed a mouse to eat and we have all these things I mean what kind of a great designer would come up with this it's. You know I'm grateful for all those things. But. He can't be an accident you know I don't think it can be well the one counter to that is you know I'm not an expert on biology but. You know people talk about how the squid has an eyeball that very similar to the human eyeball. If you dissect a squid die and look at it it operates the exact same principle as the human eye and it has a cornea and has a and so the question is you know why would 2 completely different abs develop the same kind of eyes. You know it's sort of who depends what you what you need to get by what gives you an advantage being able to see but I think there are certain designs that are the most efficient that that if you believe in evolution you know we have all towards those kinds of those kinds of best situations like there's no 3 legged mammals right you have you either have to actually like mammals or 4 legged mammals probably because you know a couple of times a $3.00 to $3.00 legged mammal gets more and it is a hard time running around and doesn't make it but. Taking that to the extreme when you start to think of alien visitors and other. You know coming coming and visiting us what they look like us. If they came from a different planet that had a completely different type of a environment like if they came from an ocean planet then I think you'd have these dolphin creatures for instance right and they unfortunately for the Dolphins if they had arms enough songs they could really be something because I think they might be the smartest mammals out there don't they have the big they don't have bigger brains than we do yes they sure do and they're more compassionate than most humans. They tolerate my daughter I know that you know yeah you ever see a dolphin attack somebody and know they help you out and do exactly exactly we're constantly making new discoveries Eric what's out there so I just brings you in you know it's one of those great discoveries that maybe hasn't been publicized too much well for me. I'm I'm waiting for the next great landing because the thing the things that. Have been most memorable to me as a scientist is when I see an image from the surface of another planet Yeah and I think. It was in 1999 or 2000 when. You know maybe like 2005 the Huygens 2005 a hike and slander most people probably haven't heard of it but the Cassini mission to Saturn when it flew by Titan now Titan is a gigantic moon of Saturn it's it's the largest moon in the solar system if you include the extent of its atmosphere it's like a planet almost as if it's bigger than Mercury it's bigger than Pluto it's. You know twice the size of the moon almost So it's the I would call in a planet I don't think we need to you know parse language too much I'd say Titan is a planet that has lakes the size of the Great Lakes it has rain. The rain is made out of methane and propane once and heat source from within you know it's a big question that's kind of kind of an open question because when when planets form they they. In case all the stuff they were made of and a lot of the stuff that they were made of is radioactive. A lot of your listeners probably have radon detectors too to warn about radon gas building up in their house what is radon gas well that's just it your house is built on top of granite granite has uranium in the rock and it breaks down and it releases a little bit of energy which we don't care too much about but it also releases radon gas which can be toxic. In the case of Titan orbiting Saturn it might have some radioactive elements inside that give it a heat source. It also orbiting Saturn it has a slightly eccentric orbit which means it comes a little bit closer and then a little bit farther in the little bit closer to Saturn every time it orbits Every How did it get captured Well you know the Saturn system the such a big weird mystery I'd say the Saturn system is is the thing that if I had to pick one planet to study I'd say that's the that's the system to try to figure out because it has so many puzzles interconnected. You know. The theory for how giant planets get there moons is is one of kind of like a mini solar system. The giant planet forms kind of like kind of like the sun formed the gas in the dust in the disk around the sun starts to coalesce into a blob and that blob has maybe $100.00 times the mass of the earth you know Saturn's about $100.00 times the mass of the earth and so you have this enormous. Ball of gas dust ice rock forming a big gas giant It's not big enough to to heat create enough heat and pressure to ignite with Fusion which is what makes the sun so bright but it becomes this big ball and then around it is are these discs of dust and gas and those accumulate to form the satellites. We think it's a common process which is very important actually because if you're looking for habitable worlds places where there might be life in our solar system there's. 2 candidates besides the earth where we are really interested in looking for life one is on Mars because it's the most Earth like. Has the most Earth like features and there was all this evidence of water flowing on the surface and then you have these moons around the giant planets Titan around Saturn and Europa around Jupiter and these are heated from the inside and are coated in ice. So if you and the heat source is probably caused by this the tide rises and falls and rises and falls every time it orbits the giant planet and it can provide a lot of heat kind of like bending a paperclip repeatedly it'll sort of create frictional heating inside the planet that can last for billions and billions the years and when you think about it it's almost like a miraculous recipe for an ocean that would last forever or eat you in case it in ice and it's shielded from radiation it's shielded from all the nastiness of space and then maybe 3 or 4 miles deep suddenly have an ocean that's at the same temperature as Earth's ocean. The only thing that's missing is you don't get any sunlight but deep on earth the ocean you don't have any sunlight either stay with us we're going to come back and take phone calls with the professor in a moment his website is linked up with coast to coast am dot com The book we're talking about when the earth had to. 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Am Fox News House Democrats have released the text of their impeachment related resolution the 8 page resolution lays out the next steps in the House Democrats' impeachment inquiry of President Trump including open hearings and House Intelligence Committee and final recommendations on impeachment in the Judiciary Committee a resolution expected to get a vote Thursday would allow Republican leaders to request subpoenas but does require the Ok of the Democratic committee chair or a full vote in the committee a White House statement says the resolution doesn't.