Dr. Brian is a u. S. Special operations veteran who served as a combat medic. Thank you so much for joining us. Thank you for having us. Thank you so much. First and foremost, i think people hear this and go are there that many gunshot victims where this is a necessity . Unfortunately, id say the answer is yes. I think scott can probably talk more about specific numbers but its shocking the numbers. What are the numbers . City wide, this is a city that sees last year, i think 1200 shootings. Thats up by about 18 over the year before. When you ask the question is this necessary . I think it is. Even when you have a situation as we had in boston with the Boston Marathon bombing, what you saw in that situation were lay people who were coming out and rendering care. And thats one time one incident. This is a city where we consistently depend on folks getting shot night after night and certainly on the weekends. Can you draw a parallel to cpr training . Should it be as common as that . I think in the long term, that would be the goal. The white house recently released an initiative called stop the bleed which basically states that it should be as ubiquitous as cpr training. If you look back through time with cpr, we havent even reached the goals wed like you with the community having access to aeds and cpr training. Thats the goal if we continue to see the rates of violent injuries in the community. Do we expect bystanders in a Community Like philadelphia to run toward a gunshot they hear . Is that a reality we hope for, and is it dangerous . One of the first and foremost aspects of the training is safety first, always. Whether youre dealing with military personnel or civilians, its always safety first. Were not asking anyone to initiate bystander aid. When you go to mass incidences, people do it. If youre going to do it and initiate that and make that choice yourself, you should know exactly how best to do it as safely as possible. Thats our goal. Thats one of the things to keep in mind. Its not as though folks arent doing this already on some level. Working in the Trauma Department at temple, you see that there are cousins and brothers and family members who get involved. And theyre throwing their loved ones in the backs of police cars, and theyre covered. Were not as tim pointed out, encouraging anybody to do that. Oftentimes you hear folks in the Community Say i just wish i had known what to do. How do you target who gets the training then . Well, i think the easiest way to target is it remember, this is a community initiative. They came to scott and Temple University hospital and said wed like this training. Theyre taking the initiative. This is not a top down. This is a grass roots bottom up movement. When you say hey, well come out and do this and the people arrive, these are people making a decision themselves. And then to take the question one step further, you have to look at how traumatic is it to be standing there when a loved one is shot and not know what to do . I think when you ask the people that were at boston or in a School Shooting or the equivalent thereof every day here in north philadelphia whats most traumatic is i was standing there and didnt know what to do. I think thats where this comes from, the fact that so many people have been touched in our community with this type of violence. The stories are unbelievable. And they just didnt know what to do. Thats what they want is to be empowered with the knowledge that if next time their loved one gets shot, they feel like at least i knew what to do. And this could be the difference between life and death. What are we talking about here . Very simple and basic steps save lives. Weve looked at the literature and evidence based steps and looked at what are the top things we need to do. First is safety. And then stopping bleeding that can be stopped in the field is critical. Probably the most important thing is give a basic understanding of how the system works and that the most important thing you can do other than your own safety is to understand that and get the patient appropriately as fast as possible to a trauma team. That doesnt take a lot of knowledge or a lot of training to just understand that, because once you understand that basic principle if im safe and in i want to help im going to stop bleeding and do everything i can to make sure this is seamless to the trauma bay, youre going to save lives. Theres a subset weve shown that are going to do better and survive. What about the risk to the person rendering aid, talking about aids, hepatitis, and even injury to themselves. Thats a critical aspect to our training. Safety is first and foremost. Thats always a risk, but i think as scott said, often times we see this is occurring in a neighborhood without training. If we can provide a little bit of instruction, it may make the responder a little bit safer and perhaps supplies that may make them safer like body substance isolation so people who make the decision im going to do something for my loved one, they know how to do it as safe as possible and perhaps have body substance isolation for them out there. I dont know. Ultimately the goal is to get the support and funding. This is something thats coming on the federal level. If we have those kinds of materials to put them in strategic places throughout the community, the places where we know folks are being shot so when Something Like this occurs, theres kits readily available with gloves and those types of precautions that protect them in these kinds of instances. The thing to keep in mind is were not talking about individuals having to render care for long periods of time. And one of the things this city does really well is transport folks to Trauma Centers quickly. And this is a city unlike most major cities that allows its Law Enforcement officers to be scoop and run. Between the paramedics who do an amazing job of transporting folks to the hospital or the officers that transport them immediately, were only talking about a matter of minutes before those folks arrive on scene. How helpful it to to team up with the 25th district . One of the first things we wanted to do is make sure were not stepping on anyones toes and make sure everybody is on board with this. But i think that one of the things that is kind of an intangible, an unforeseen benefit, you have the Police Department supporting this certainly, captain michael cram who is a really dynamic individual, but hes got a great relationship with that community already. But to see them coming together, to hes there when were doing the training. The last training we did, we did it at a fire house there in north philadelphia, and to see Law Enforcement and the Fire Department there and see the Community Stake holders coming out, its been amazing. Having their support has been a tremendous benefit. And can enough people get train trained, do you think . Youre empowering people with information. There are people coming out to meetings to get training. Can it happen fast enough where enough people can make a difference . Thats the goal. Were right now training emergency room nurses, and whats been amazing act that is the fact that were trying to have as many training sessions as that will meet the demand of the nurses. It wasnt really pulling teeth to get the nurses out. Now theyre arguing over who gets to go to the next one. Its been amazing. Between the training of our nurses and the demand in the community, i think well be able to saturate the community with trained up folks so when Something Like this happens the likelihood that were going to have somebody in that situation or on that scene thats been trained is going to be good. And it only takes one person to save one life, and then it will be all worth it. Scott charles, thank you for your time. Dr. Tim brian, thank you for your expertise. Next, well discuss what makes a great leader with a man who ought to know. Former secretary of defense robert gates tells us what he finds are the top traits of a great leader in politics and in the workplace. Find out if you have what it takes. Thats next. Sic group surprise oh my goodness happy birthday oh, you. laughing this was a wonderful surprise. You know, at our age, not all surprises can be this good. Youre not kidding. female 1 remember peggys surprise last month when frank died . So sudden; all the funeral expenses. They were not prepared. Well, im not going to burden my family with my final expenses. Huh . I called about the Colonial Penn program this morning. Im alex trebek. If youre age 50 to 85, call about the Colonial Penn program now. Your acceptance is guaranteed. Coverage options for this plan start at 9. 95 a month for women and men age 50 to 85. Thats about 35 cents a day. And your acceptance is guaranteed. You cant be turned down for any medical reason. No health questions, no medical exam. Once youre covered, your rate will never increase. Its locked in for life, guaranteed. female 1 so, what are you waiting for . Youre right, im not getting any younger. Im calling about the Colonial Penn program today. After this last piece of cake. laughing call now for your free information and free gift. soft music Colonial Penn jingle robert gates served as secretary of defense under two u. S. President s. In fact, during his decades of public service, gates worked under eight different president s of both parties. He also directed the cia. With those credentials who better to write a book on leadership . Thats what hes done. Its called a passion for leadership, lessons for change. Nbc 10 sat down with secretary gates to discuss the book. Reporter former sefs secretary, robert gates, thank you for being here. Were talking about a new book released on the topic of leadership. So important it feels at this time in our country. I want to get your opinion from your Vantage Point and history about the type of leadership that the country needs at this moment, 2016. One of the reasons that i wrote the book, the passion for leadership, lessons on change and reform from 50 years of public service, is i think some of the president ial candidates have tapped into a deep well of frustration, and anger on the part of the American People toward a lot of elected politicians and not getting anything done, paralysis, polarization and so on. I think people in this country are also local, state and federal level, frustrated by organizations that dont meet their needs, that are difficult to deal with, and both in the public and private sector, but especially in the public sector. And having led change and reform at three major institutions, cia, texas a and m university and the defense department, awanti wanted to put down what worked for me in terms of getting the professionals and career people on board where you form a team and make enduring change and reform in big bureaucracies and frankly, even at the local level. And secretary, you mentioned the frustration that youre sensing among the populous, among the electorate. Is that frustration the result of a lack of leadership . I think the reason that these organizations dont do what theyre supposed to do and arent user friendly is a lack of leadership. They can be fixed. And leaders who have the right techniques and have the right approach to it, i think, can make that happen, and it doesnt matter whether you are a leader of three people or 3 million. I think you can somebody who has the right talents and right attitude can make change. I know you talk about this in your book, secretary. For our viewers, what are the key criteria that youve seen across the decades as being the signifiers of a successful leader . I think it starts with the personality of the leader. A leader has to have his or her ego under control. They have to be willing to give credit to other people, has to be willing to hire strong subordinates, empower them, and then hold them accountable. And either reward them or get rid of them if they dont do the job. They need to be transparent. They need to have integrity, because to get people to do what you want them to do, even if they dont want to, they have to trust you. Secretary, youre someone who spent time at the highest levels of american government. Looking back, obviously the president ial race is the buzz right now, meaning were closing the term of frapresident obama. Looking back, how does president obama fair as a leader . I think the president is strong in the respect that he is decisive, and frankly, it came to me as a surprise as somebody that never ran anything. He liked and embraced making decisionings. I think the problem is there has been a difficulty in terms of creating a strategy and then implementing the strategy. The cairo speech in 2009 was well received in the middle east, but people who were suonc enthusiastic became bitter because there were no strategies, no policies to back it up. So people felt very disappointed. With a new administration will be, obviously, a new defense secretary. I wonder from your perspective what you see as the most important characteristics that you would want the person who is sitting in that seat to have. Well, i think, first of all, they have to care about the troops and making sure that they have what they need to be able to carry out their mission. I think that he has to be independent and honest and give the president his best advice even if the president may not want it. He ought to listen to the military but remember that hes in charge. We have civilian control of the military. So i think having a colleague relationship with the senior military leaders so theyll be candid with him or her, and then making independent decisions, and then you have to have a good working relationship with the congress. Looking back, people wonder about what it was like to be in there, and i wonder as you reflect from where you are now, what was the most difficult decision you made during your time in that post . I think the well, broadly speaking the toughest decisions i actually had to make every friday, and that was which units i was going to select to be deployed to iraq and afghanistan. I think the single most difficult decision was when i had to make in january of 2007. Id only been on the job a month. Our troops would have to serve 15 months in iraq and afghanistan instead of a year. We just didnt have enough troops to do the surge and keep the deployments at a year, and it was either cut short their time at home or give them more time in the theater, and that was really hard on the troops and their families. And that was what i was going to ask. What was the family reaction to you as the one making the call at that time . Well, i think there was a realization that it was necessary, but there was i actually never had a spouse or a soldier complain directly to me about it. But i knew, nonetheless, that it was very hard on them. What are you predicting for the rest of this president ial election cycle . You are someone who as weve been saying, was there at the top of american politics, working with president s. What are you expecting to see as this unfolds up to election day . Well, president obama was the eighth president ive worked for. I worked for both democrats and republicans, and i guess id answer your question by expressing a hope, and that is that the discussion on the Foreign Policy and National Security challenges that we face be a little bit more sophisticated and a little more realistic. A passion for leadership is available at most major bookstores and amazon. Com. It turns out being a vegetarian is yesterday. Found out about the new trend in meatless eating that president bill clinton swears by and paul mccartney, Ellen Degeneres and beyonce. Look around pennsylvania and its not hard to spot winners. And with over 2 million winners of match 6, cash 5, and Treasure Hunt every single month, thats hardly a surprise. Winners, winners everywhere play today millions of people around the world switched to a plant based diet. A former firefight is a leader in the trend having written engine to diet. It encourages a life without meat, dairy, and processed food. It seems like being a vegetarian was something that was so common a decade ago. Now it seems this idea of a plantpac plan plantbased diet has become more popular. Whats the difference for those of us who dont know . We like a whole food plant based diet. Youre focussed on a vegan diet. Thats a lot of processed refined foods. Its soda and french fries and vegan ding dongs and oreos. People shouldnt think vegan is a biword for healthy. Right. Same thing for gluten free. And then vegetarians, theyre typically consuming insane amounts of milk, cheese, ice cream, saur cream, all these things that basically have the same nutritional profile as meat. Does it connect with what we hear in restaurants about locally sourced . I would say away from locally sourced. I mean, what were focusing in on is were trying to do a deep dive into nutrition. In order to do that, you want to do Sweet Potatoes and brown rice and kale and broccoli and mustard greens. This is where true nutrition lives. In the bodies of these amazing plant strong foods. And your perspective is get these foods that are as close to how they came out of the earth as you possibly can get them . Minimally processed, whole foods, exactly right. One of our own at fire station 2 in austin, texas was staring at a hareart attack. 28 days later his total cholesterol dropped. This stuff can make a big impact based on what youve seen . Life saving in a short period of time. Is this something people can stick to . People are so used to eating at least many of us, some form of meat or poultry products. Is it snomething that modern americans can do over a long period of time . Absolutely, 100 . Ive been doing it for almost 29 years. Its drop dead easy to do. What makes it hard are all the traditions and this culture. If were thinking about real people in the real world, then, what are the most important foods that people should be avoiding . We know what you want them to eat. What do they stay away from . Stay away from animal products, red meat, chicken, fish, eggs. Stay away from dairy, milk, ice cream, butter, sour cream, all that stuff. What do you say to people who say it sounds stringent . You eat the other 99 of the foods on the planet that comes from plants. Most americans have no variety in their diet. They rotate through six dinners, two lurcnches, one breakfast. It all goes back to the idea, keep it as close to what came out of the earth as you can. Yes, that, and this is going to be a mega trend. This is the direction we have to go f we want to reverse the course of this country is going on with our Health Care Crisis and the environmental crisis. Well be following it. Thank you. Plant strong offers 150 plant based recipes. Its available in bookstores and online. Well be right back. Homecoming . Its awesome. But with the Citizens Bank education refinance loan, it gets even better. You know those people who pay a little extra and get all the legroom in coach . 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