Hello, Kirill Vyshinsky is with you, and this is a typical novorossiya program. Our title says it all, we are talking about the territory that has returned to its historical roots, and novorossiya with the help of a careful look at history. We will try to reveal the uniqueness of her present day and find typical features and recognizable signs of the past. And thats what well talk about today. And grain to coal and metal, which was traded around the world, novorussia. What are the prospects for Foreign Trade in the region today and in the future . Conversation with an expert of the salt in the earth program, unique deposits of solidar . One of the main historical goals of russia in the struggle for the territory, which later received the name novorossiya, was access to the southern seas, the azov and black seas, the opening of its own trade routes in the Mediterranean Region of the century. Started moving south. From the azov campaign he conquered the azov fortress and founded the city of taganrog already under catherine the great in the 18th century. Century. It will become the largest trading port of russia in the south through taganrog, the main flow of russian grain went through one of the main sources of export income by the end of the century, it accounted for 2 3 of the turnover of all southern russian ports, grain was delivered from the southern regions of russia along the don river or through the eyes of chuman by land and the black sea new Trading Centers appeared on the coast. From kherson to mariupol berdyansk, grain was transported to these ports not only from volyn or podolia, but also from ekaterinoslav and kherson provinces ; largescale development of industry and the construction of railways made them not only the main place for sending grain, but also new items for russian exports of coal, metal ore. Odessa, which in the first half of the 19th century developed rapidly thanks to the free trade regime of the port of franco, by the end of the century had one of the most equipped ports of the russian empire every year. More than 40 million poods of grain were exported through it, and at the peak of trade, over millions of steel were exported by the end of the Nineteenth Century. The share of all ports of novorussia. Accounted for more than half of exports and almost a quarter of imports operations of all seaports of russia on the eve of the first world war, about 70 of the countrys export cargoes were transported by ships of the black seaazov basin during the years of the first soviet fiveyear plans, these ports were not only restored, but also modernized in odessa and kherson, new berths were built to expand grain exports in mariupol , nikolaev and kherson was equipped with powerful elevators with deepwater berths after the great patriotic war. The soviet union built new ports on the black sea, ilyichevsk under ukraine was renamed chernomorsk and the southern main shipping hub mariupol became the sea gate of donbass , a threat to turnover, it was the second port of the ussr after odessa in the seventies, the azov directorate of the black Sea Shipping Company became its own ports. Berdyansk kerch in the mideighties, the three southern shipping companies of azov, danube and chernomorskaya handled about 40 of all cargo traffic of the ussr maritime fleet. How trade through novorossiya was formed and developed. What could be her prospects in the plot anna efimova sea harbor of donbass v in the old days, the cargo turnover here reached 15 million, most of the cargo consisted of coal, metal, steel, cast iron; today, it is mainly shipped. So far, the mariupol port is focused primarily on receiving Construction Materials that are delivered here for the restoration of the city. Since the beginning of 2023, the port has processed over 78,000. T of cargo monthly. It accepts up to 15 ships, of course, compared to previous figures this is not so much, but a start has been made and considering that after the hostilities the Port Infrastructure has not yet been completely restored. This is a Good Foundation for the future. Well , today we are planning to restore railway communication, we are now planning to increase the range of goods that will be sent and improve the cargo flow. We are growing at a small pace to ensure that both cargo turnover and shipping increase. New regions near azov have at least four ports, in addition to mariupol, this is berdyansk, where the authorities plan to deepen the water factor for the passage of ships with a larger carrying capacity, genichesk, which is small was used for its intended purpose and in ukraine it became so shallow that it was unable to accept serious cargo, and also the skadovsky port in the south of the kherson region. 2020 an unprofitable facility was put up for auction to restore a portion of steel only after the start of a special military operation. However , if we take it separately, the azov region. Now the main question is what its comprehensive Development Strategy will look like in new territories; it is being developed by the dpr government together with the agency. Strategic initiatives if the azov coast is turned into a recreational cluster , then large ports with tankers and bulk carriers will apparently be of no use there; at the same time, if we are talking about a fullscale revival of the industrial potential of the region, it is extremely important to navigate the market demand and the existing transPort Infrastructure. The biggest question today is probably the one that arises in connection with sanctions, in connection with restrictions on the export of various products from the Russian Federation today. The question is not to create an enterprise or produce products, but the key one today question. Where to sell it at the same time, taking into account the reorientation from the European Market to trade with developing countries, that is, global trade with the south, the importance of Maritime Transport and logistics centers. In the azov black sea basin only increases in 2023. Russia plans to send up to 20 million tons of Petroleum Products to africa; compared to last year, the volumes were much more modest . Only eight million tons, and we are not talking about crude oil, but refined oil and diesel products , the cargo turnover of the basin port is higher than the rest directions and accounted for, for example, 31 , and the total cargo turnover of russia in twenty years and already 33 of the total cargo turnover for the first half of 23 years, while routes from southern ports this is europe, the middle east, the countries of the indian ocean. Another promising direction for the development of logistics in the region. The so called International Transport corridor north, south, which will connect the caspian sea through the don. With azov there is yearround navigation. Azov of the caspian sea will make it possible to fully use the capabilities of internal waterworks, for example, bagaevsky, which are currently being built in the rostov region, as a result they will be able to pass here where we used to land, the volume of transportation on inland waterways should increase, and russias trade with iran, which is actively buying our grain and oil, will be reoriented from the black sea basin towards the azov and caspian territories has changed a lot in terms of logistics. And if previously russia received goods from china, for example, through europe , in particular through amsterdam and antwerp , now these goods need to be introduced directly from china, uh, without entering the ports of the european union, where the russians are not allowed here, accordingly, the load on the ports, on the one hand, has increased, because we are forced to compensate for the loss of the European Market through the active use of the fleet, and on the other hand, this load has been redistributed. From the europeoriented regions they were redirected to the far east, the azovblack sea basin also pulled in some of the cargo flows from the southern seaports. This year it has grown by more than 18 . This is six times more than with the baltic indicators, the total volumes of cargo transshipment according to rosmor data are also increasing. Speech by the fleet, the cargo turnover of russian seaports in the first 8 months of this year increased by 8. 7 and amounted to more than 600 million. However, the main problem now is to export serious goods from nowhere, but rather, russia lacks about 400 ships of various types only for grain carriers deficit from 60 to 80. E ships. Well, coal miners also need more than 100 uh dry cargo ships to export coal. Well, thats the most important question. Now we probably dont have the power of the ports, but the presence of our own fleet, which would allow us not to overpay. For the faction and, in fact, in principle, stop depending on anyone to transport anything. In the meantime, only one tenth of russias cargo is transported to its own fleets, meanwhile, the development of maritime logistics, taking into account the construction, domestic vessels or their acquisition through leasing, according to expert estimates voiced during the recently held Eastern Economic forum, can bring the country gdp growth by as much as 20 . And in this process ports of novorossiya certainly play their role anna efimova leri savelyev Anastasia Popova is a typical novorossiya. We will talk about the prospects for Foreign Trade of novorussia with our permanent expert, political scientist and historians Rostislav Ishchenko rostislav, good afternoon. Good afternoon, rostislav, in the 19th century, novorossia became a resident of europe in the twentieth and in the 21st, and uh, cheap metals were already exported from it. But now, uh, and in the future, what could become the main content of uh, in personal trade in novorussia with the understanding that in industry, in general, the restoration of this region will have to invest a lot of money and time. Well , firstly, the war must end in order for at least some trade to begin. Secondly, this is metal from novorossiya. For a long time they will be exported in the form of burnt tanks in the form of mines, which will be cleared there, there, and so on. And this is also a very big problem of bringing the landscape into a state in which it can, uh, in principle, be the basis for some kind of economy and only then for trade. This means that further Foreign Trade is always precedes, that is, at the beginning, in any state at any historical time , internal trade relations are established at the beginning and only then arises, when the internal market, so to speak, is saturated, when a surplus arises. After this, Foreign Trade begins. Well, then we can fantasize in the eighteenthNineteenth Century at the beginning of the 19th century in novorossia was mainly an agricultural territory. This is excellent soil, which means plus the fish wealth of the black sea of azov. In fact, Agricultural Products were supplied to the domestic market and the external market means that if the external market mainly supplied grain and meat, then the internal market also supplied fish, and the wealth of gardens and orchards was also supplied to moscow and st. Petersburg in the 20th century. Uh, due to the fact that they were found , ore wealth is now due to the fact that coal mines were developed due to the fact that all this was close to each other and uh, the metal smelted there was relatively cheap. In russia it became the center of metallurgy and, accordingly, in its export, a decisive role for him, too, after, by the way, the saturation of the domestic market, the decisive role began to be played in production. It is impossible to imagine that after novorossiya in the foreseeable period i repeat, given that in terms of prices it could not compete even as an integral part of ukraine where there was very cheap labor and very cheap energy. This means that it will now be able to compete now in the immediate postwar period with World Environmental centers, which means that metallurgy is a product that is exported. You can, in principle, forget, but about agriculture, and, in principle, about the Food Industry. You can remember, because this is something that does not require huge investments, because the earth is here, yes, ill just clear the mines, please, the sea. Its here, that means put it in order and please, that means gardens and vegetable gardens. Here they are under your feet , just work with them and, please, the products will go, and it is also not by chance that they can be ported. Uh, they came to ukraine. At one time, and therefore precisely in novorossia, mainly because the Food Industry was concentrated in transcarpathia and in novorossiya. Mostly ukrainian, which means european manufacturers also came. By the way, the russian manufacturers who built enterprises there processed local products and supplied them to the ukrainian market. They also supplied goods outside of ukraine. Moreover, right up to kazakhstan, which also does not complain, in principle, about the lack of Agricultural Workers , accordingly, it is not only possible, but also necessary to bet on whether it will work out, so those sanctions that now exist and which will certainly be introduced. Uh, in the future will kill this prospect. Uh, Foreign Trade of novorussia. Or at least they make it difficult. I have already said that the war must end at the beginning, and the west is fighting you with advantages through sanctions. Its clear that from fortyone to fortyfive. We didnt trade with germany, we were imposed sanctions, apparently military operations, which means its the same now. Eh, it wont kill the economy. That is, because the economy will still be focused on the domestic market. And it will only end, where it ends it will only end fighting. It will work normally and efficiently. But its really needed for Foreign Trade. Its not just that the world needs cooperation. Well, again, we can supply grain to china and will supply it to fantaser, but also grain grown in novorossiya. Although it is simply closer to leading from other regions to china to europe to egypt , and for this, yes, and in turkey , in addition to desire, it will be necessary to buy before turkey, right . But it is also necessary to create safe conditions on the black sea so that they dont swim there, caught near odessa if korea ukrainian mines, so that ukrainian uncrewed boats, which can ram and ram, do not sail there; they blow up not only, uh, warships. Well, merchant ships cannot completely block Foreign Trade, another thing is that it can limit it, create difficulties , make the process more expensive, and make the products of novorussia less competitive , but there will still be competition, especially in certain markets there. What are the optimistic assessments of Foreign Trade potential in novorossiya . Restoration of the population or exit from the smoke pit, economic recovery will grow and production will grow, production will increase, accordingly, export potential will grow and you understand what seemed, lets say, there in the eighteenth people in the Nineteenth Century as a miracle, which means they have never produced so much never have never produced so much sold now. In general, these are relatively modest numbers. This means that even for some people they are funny, because production potential increases, and accordingly, export opportunities would also increase. A buyer, and again, there will always be a buyer, because uh, when the confrontation ends. Sooner or later it will end, europe will have a very big problem, including problems with the delivery of medical household products, because now, as a result of rising prices, it is becoming less specifically capable and while it is making money, yes, the european farmer survives due to the fact that sanctions allowed europe to practically close its domestic market. So the market for competing products under sanctions will end, it will open, it will come there again, novorossiysk manufacturer. I would really like to see how dutch farmers will compete with novorussia and, in fact, according to the wellknown proverb. Put a stick in the ground and it will grow, but there you need gigantic subsidies from the european union. About another question. Will it exist in 5 years or not and will it have money to subsidize something . Thank you very much for the interesting and detailed story. The city of solidar in the donetsk peoples republic became widely known in january of this year. There there were heavy battles, during which it came under the control of russian fighters. And although the solidary is still close to the line of military contact, plans for the future of the city with a selfexplanatory name are already being discussed; mining salt for sale in these places began in the 16th century, when a cossack settlement on the bakhmutki river arose. Salivarov settlement , local residents evaporated salt from small salt lakes and wells, fishing turned out to be profitable, and over time , a whole industry was formed from mining and processing to transportation and sale by the famous chumaks. The scale is impressive and today, in the mid19th century, up to 7. Leonov poods of salt were exported from here annually. In the second half of the 19th century, in the area of the current solidar, geologists explored large underground deposits of rock salt. They began to extract it using the mine method and in 1881 it was launched. The first mine has been mining for more than 140 years, with interruptions due to the civil war, German Occupation during the great patriotic war and the current fighting in the mines during soviet times. Artyom salt produced approximately 40 of all table salt. The ussr set a record in the ninetyfirst, more than 7 million tons were mined here in 2013, the maximum over the last 20 years was 3. 5 million. About half a million tons of this production were exported to russia about whether the salt of novorussia can appear on our table in the story of olga mokhova, the largest salt shaker, if not in the world, then in europe this is exactly what lidar is often called, with its underground treasure , colossal it is difficult to find rock salt deposits similar in terms of volume of reserves or their quality; the geography of donbass itself is difficult it is extremely interesting. So why is she interesting . Whats interesting is that the lines are the deepest. Depressions are not sold, something similar is rare on the planet in china , for example, so the world average is a layer of cage rocks. This is about a kilometer, and here in the layer it reaches almost 20 km. We explored only the upper ones, there are two kilometers, an important spoke and an excellent preservative without salt anywhere. Any housewife will say this, but the chemical composition of rock salt from two donbass deposits, artyomovsky and slavyansky, is without exaggeration a mineral of life. It contains almost all natural trace elements. And she has an excellent report. It contains 98 sodium chloride, but in our salt it is less than about 94 95 of kazakh salt 9395 . Moreover, it is clean, because it was formed long before the environmental problems of the earth and lies in convenient layers that are easy to develop, if the black gold donbass coal is loose and needs to be constantly to strengthen underground vaults, then the white gold of the solidar, the thicker salt holds itself together, in contrast, which, as a rule, lies in thin layers in our country. Eh, if there is a meter layer, thats already good. Yes, but it rarely happens with us. Eh, the thickness is a lot. But the salt lies in very thick layers, sometimes tens of meters deep, and you can literally drag it there to scoop it up. Well, almost a cylinder about this or kamaz trucks almost until 2022, table salt from donbass was imported by 15 countries of central and Eastern Europe as well as cis with a capacity of 7 million tons per year , russia recently bought up to 1,200,000 half here when in january 2015 rospotrebnadzor introduced a ban on the purchase of salt and its wax from the territory of ukraine to the artyom salt enterprise. It was hard. It switched to a threeday working week and reduced production volumes. But hungary and poland were able to increase supplies. So it continued until 2000, when russia allowed them to bring table salt to us. It resumed so the volumes were relatively small, somewhere around 200300,000 tons per year for more than 100 years, the local salt mines formed a system of tunnels of almost 300 km at the bottom of the dried up ancient ocean, as in the kingdom of the snow queen , it was not without reason that the locals loved to joke that it was more interesting underground than on earth. In these mines they will someday rest from workers setup, people will perhaps be treated here, because the air with a temperature in winter and summer equal to 16, with salt in it , is easy to breathe and will create fantastic underground feasts in crystal halls with a wonderful resonance. Chemical elements was right here underground at a depth of up to 300 m, another city with a museum, temple, concert hall , football field and spa hotels sang a salt symphony at the sanatorium, people from all over came to treat pulmonary skin and neurological diseases. There, for the first time in the world , an experiment was conducted where an air step flew there. Can you imagine from the underground that it was not a ball, but about four hours later, the operation of the salt plant completely stopped. In 2022, due to the fighting, the tenthousandth solidary was empty; some mines were mined by asu soldiers, and the city itself almost destroyed, it is impossible to say reliably that now underground it is still impossible and it is only clear that artyomovskaya salt is needed and how salt people need to work, because more than 2,500 people worked at the four artem salt mines, it is very important, and to retain that frame of its potential that was previously. And our task now is to find an anchor investor who will then begin to work with those people who were previously at the enterprise. Hmm, there was a high production culture, and, accordingly, the people are very we already have valuable, uh, certain requests from investors. Well, i would even say that they are very focused on this asset, and companies are already coming with specific plans, despite the impressive volumes of production for everything. 250 million tons of salt this is only 3 of the total reserves of the deposit underground. According to various estimates, up to 15 billion tons of this vital mineral lie throughout the world. It would be enough for 45 years, and for some individual countries for hundreds of years, or even a millennium olga mokhova Anastasia PopovaValery Savelyev typical novorossiya. Thats all we wanted to talk about. Kirill vyshinsky was with you today see you soon in the donetsk peoples republic when such people come, they bring a lot of good things, weapons in their hands behind this car. He went there with joy that he could bring our soldiers what they needed. We made exactly the same armored car and sent it there to donbass. The ministry of defense reported one person died in a missile attack on the historical headquarters of the black sea fleet. The military department stated that kiev carried out a missile attack on sevastopol, when repelling, five missiles were shot down, and earlier the governor reported about a strike on the headquarters of the black sea fleet. Mikhail razborzhaev is on the spot. All Operational Services of the city are working , the Airmobile Group has been brought into operation , and reserve equipment has been introduced. And at the moment , there is a further increase in the strength of funds, having spread out an appeal to local residents with a request to leave the city center