make clear in part that, part, we are prepared for diplomacy and a diplomatic path forward but we are also prepared to respond if russia advances with a further invasion of ukraine. threatening overtly that the u.s. and allies are prepared to impose sanctions on russia far, far beyond what was implemented the last time russia invaded ukraine in 2014. and that the u.s. is prepared to help ukraine defend its territory if in fact russia invades. now, russia already has a bit of a blueprint for this. you may recall they invaded and annexed a part of ukraine back in 2014 and are clearly still incredible aggressive in all of this. if russia wasn't sufficiently deterred by the international response in 2014, what can we do differently this time around? joining us now, ben rhodes who was deputy national security