Pilot of the downed bomber arrived in moscow on monday. It was a grim reminder of russias strained relations with turkey. Translator the downing has sparked increasingly heated words between the two nations. Russia slapped sanctions on turkeys economy. They target turkish construction workers and the countrys valuable agricultural and tourism sectors. Reporter moscow is warning these sanctions are just the beginning. In a meeting with the chief of nato, turkeys Prime Minister continued to protect his countrys sovereignty. I can say that the protection of our airspace, land borders is not only a right but a duty for my government. And no turkish Prime Minister or president or authority will apologize cause of committing because of doing our duty. Reporter russian president Vladimir Putin turned down a meeting with the turkish president in paris. They both were attending cop21. Putin repeated his assertions that turkey had no legitimate reason to strike the plane. Instead, he claimed it was because turkey is buying oil produced by the Islamic State militant group. Translator we have every reason to believe that the decision to shoot down our plane was motivated by the desire to secure these tracts of oil delivery to the turkish territory, in particular, to the harbors where its loaded on to tankers. Reporter the turkish president responded that his country only purchases oil legally. He says turkey will act patiently, not emotionally in response to russian sanctions. They did agree with turkey. The available information, including evidence from turkey and our own sources indicates the russian aircraft violated turkish airspace. Reporter turkey is a member of nato, and any armed confrontation with the country could risk involving the 27 others. But even as the chief of nato said he was working to calm tensions, he still laid the blame with russia. What we saw last week, its not the first example of violation of turkish airspace by russian planes. As we said, the information we have is consistent with the information weve got from turkey. Reporter Foreign Ministers will discuss the matter. They will try to improve communication between turkey and russia to avoid further clashes. Despite attempts to lure tensions, russia is warning its fighter jets in syria are armed with airtoair missiles. Nhk world. Thanks very much for that update. The chinese yuan is moving up in the world rankings. Gene otani joins us for that. The International Monetary fund is boosting the status of the yuan. Its seen as an important milestone in chinas integration into the global monetary system. The yuan will be included in the socalled special drawing rights or sdr basket as a fifth currency, along with the u. S. Dollar, the euro, the british pound and the japanese yen. Its a reserve asset used to settle accounts when imf member nations have a shortfall of foreign exchange. Imf officials review the basket every five years. The yuan will account for more than 10 of the basket, ranking third in weight after the dollar and euro. The imfs move apparently reflects chinas trade figures in wide acceptance in international transactions. The inclusion in the basket of currencies is a recognition of the significant reforms which have been conducted. Of the significance opening up of the chinese economy, of the financial more marketdriven principles that are being used by the chinese authorities going forward. Chinas central bank welcomed the imfs decision. They said the move recognizes the countrys Economic Growth and the results of reforms. They sid it will improve the existing global currency system and bring a win win outcome for both china and the rest of the world. Authorities in beijing have taken a variety of measures to help the yuan become accepted around the world and their efforts are starting to pay off. Nhk world has more. Reporter chinese money is finding a Major Initiative in kazakhstan. Its part of an airport that officials in beijing called the one belt, one road project. The money is used to build infrastructure and fund other investments abroad. This railway hub connects china and europe, beijing provided most of the funds for the work in yuan. Other projects include highways, tunnels and even hotels. Translator china is crucial to the development of the Central Asian region. Reporter another proving ground for the yuan lies in hong kong. One of chinas special administrative regions. Hong kong is set to be the worlds busiest Trading Center for the chinese yuan. Many of the Exchange Stores here are eager to accept the currency. And another policy of one country, two systems, its official currency remains the hong kong dollar but as tourism and business ties between the two sides grow, its more common to see people exchanging dollars and yuan. As residents in hong kong grow more familiar with the yuan, they are looking for people to manage the assets and the currency. Come in. Thank you. Reporter this woman works at this agency. Five years ago, she opened the shortterm deposit account in yuan at the Hong Kongbased bank. The deposit was worth about 113,000 u. S. Dollars. She was affected by the high Interest Rate of more than 5 . In my opinion im very confident in the next 10, 20 years that that will be the currency of the world. Reporter people in hong kong have flocked to yuanbased banking since authorities first allotted 11 years ago. The National Institutions and individuals hold deposits totaling about 900 billion yuan or 140 billion u. S. Dollars. Investors are also becoming interested in socalled bonds. Theyre bought in hong kong dollars but redeemed in yuan. Since they first appeared eight years ago, nearly 100 billion u. S. Dollars have been issued. Hong kongs top finance official believes the yuan is ready to take its place on the world stage. We are just at the beginning of this veryxciting new era of china growth and internationalization. And thats tremendous, tremendous Growth Opportunities of potential associated with this process. Reporter the imfs decision to aept the yuan as a reserve currency may lead investors around the world to follow hong kongs example. Nhk world, hong kong. For more insight we also spoke with peter morgan. Hes a Senior Consultant at the Asian DevelopmentBank Institute and a specialist on chinas economy. He explained about the significance of the yuan being included in the basket and the challenges that may face chinese leaders. Its mainly symbolic at this stage. It recognizes the importance of the yuan as a global currency and of course it also recognizes the importance of the chinese economy in the global economy, too. But given the fact that the u. N. Is still only partially convertible on the capital account, i think its use as a reserve currency will be relatively limited for the time being. Morgan said chinese leaders are eager to make the yuan a major currency but theyll find its a process that presents big challenges as the economy slows down. Theyve already taken a number of steps both in terms of liberalizing the currency in terms of having it being more affected by Market Forces than previously. Also along with that, weve seen various moves to gradually open up the current account and the capital account but were still pretty far away from a floating currency. I think that will take a relatively long time. One of the reasons is the progress of liberalization of the Financial Sector domestically and of the capital account is relatively slow. The Chinese Government officials are still somewhat cautious about opening up the capital account too rapidly. They are concerned before the possible development of volatile capital flows in or out of the country and what affects that might have on domestic inflation or the Financial Sector as it bubbles, that kind of thing. I think it will still be a gradual process. New numbers show japanese firms spent more on upgraying their facilities and equipment in the july to september period. Finance Ministry Officials say Corporate Investment rose for the tenth straight quarter yearonyear. Officials say over 30,000 companies spent about 85 billion during the period. Thats a rise of more than 11 from a year earlier in yen terms. Its the first double digit expansion since the First Quarter of 2007, prior to the Global Financial crisis. The increase came as manufact e manufacturers boosted capacity for cars and electronic parts for smartphones. Construction of apartment buildings also rose. On a quarterly basis, Capital Investment is up 5. 4 after a seasonal adjustment. These figures will be included in a revised report on japans gdp due out next week. On to the markets, japanese stocks rose after the release of the Strong Capital spending data. The benchmark nikkei average climbed above the 20,000 mark forhe first time in three months. For more we go to mayu at the tokyo symptom exchange. The Capital Spending data was much higher than consensus. We saw stocks jump and hit that key 20,000 level at the last minute or should i say last second to be specific. So lets take a look at the closing levels here in tokyo on december 1st. The nikkei closed at 20,012 eighth the broader topix closed up 1. 3 as well. Now in november, the index rose nearly 3. 5 and it jumped more than 14 so far this year and stocks set to rise in december. It will be interesting to see if the indices enasked gains. Blue chips gained ground following that strong capex data. Sony is up over 1 . As well as fanuc. There are losers as well and i was following nissan which fell nearly 2 on news that it plans to increase its stake in french automaker rinault. Nissan stocks slummed on that news. Now that the nikkei returned to the 20,000 level, investors are other events to focus on, including the European Central bank and the u. S. Jobs data coming out on friday. And mayu yoshida, reporting from the tokyo stock exchange. Many other markets in the asiapacific region also ended higher. In china, the shanghai composite saw another volatile day after the government released weaker than expected manufacturing pmi data. The index added 0. 3 , extending gains to a third day. Some invesrs bout stocks in hopes of fresh stimulus measures. Hong kongs hang seng index advanced 1. 75 snapping its sixday losing streak. Analysts say many Market Players reacted positively to the imfs decision. Indonesia rebounded sharply from yesterdays fall. Sent many was somewhat improved by news that annual inflation in november had risen at a slower pace than the previous month. Sydney climbed 1. 9 after the central bank decided to keep its key Interest Rate at a record low. The kpi rose 1. 6 , the biggest one huff day rise in more than two months. Heres a look at some of the other business stories were following. New car sales in japan in november were down. It marks the 11th consecutive month of decline. Compact vehicles in april continues to have an impact. Officials with the Japan Automobile Dealers Association say about 288,000 new cars were sold last month. Thats down 6. 5 from a year earlier. Japans honda motor looks set to become the first to raise the retirement age from 60 to 65. The step comes as many businesses struggle to secure their work force amid the countrys aging population. Hondas move may impact other firms. And thats all for business. Delegates from around the world are in paris to discuss a new framework to tackle Global Warming beyond 2020. Developing nations are pressing industrialized countries to do more to cut Greenhouse Gas emissions. Leaders of around 150 countries ander its gathered on the first day of the twoweek cop21 u. N. Climate conference. They aim to reach an agreement that would require all nations to reduce emissions. Leaders from developing countries called for more efforts from industrialized nations to limit the global average temperature rise to less than 2 degrees celsius from preindustrial revolution levels. Ind india, the worlds Third Largest emitter took the lead in the appeal. It is not just a question of historical responsibility. They also have the most room to make the cuts and make the strongest impact. Modi also told u. S. President barack obama that richer countries should support efforts by developing nations. Kiribati president called for immediate action. The island nation faces the threat of disappearing into the ocean due to climate change. Let us give substance to the pledges that have been made. Let us give substance to our eloquent contributions let us not pay to an issue that demands immediate and urgent action. Many leaders from developing nations called for a legally binding framework to make measures effective. Philippine government officials are asking judges of an International Court to recognize their right to areas in the south china sea. Theyre in the hague refuting chinas claims over the islands. The delegation wrapped up a week of arguments on monday at the Permanent Court of arbitration. They reportedly said chinas claim of historically owning the islands is groundless. The ruling on jurisdiction paves the way for a for the furtherance of the proceedings to evaluate the merits of the position. The delegation says some of what china claims are efs, not subject to exclusive economic rights and other sovereign claims. They argued that chinas position is in breach of the u. N. Convention of the law of the sea. Beijing is boycotting the proceedings. A spokesperson says disputes over tertories should be settled by the pears concerned. Translator our position is clear cut, that we will neither participate in nor accept the arbitration. The court has asked china to present a written countergument by january 1st. A ruling could be delivered sotime next year. The u. S. Government has criticized a court in Southern China for its handling of the case involving a democracy activist. The Court Allowed the late inclusion of new criminal charges without giving the activists attorneys time to construct a defense. The trial fell short of internationally accepted standards of due process. Particularly disturbing was the lastminute addition of new charges of which mr. Yang and his attorneys were not given a chance to defend against. She urged china to release the young activist. She said china cannot achieve its aim of Building Society using the rule of law when it uses imprisonment as a tool to punish peaceful expression of views. He was zenssentenced to six yean prison. He was protesting an order by chinese authorities to remove a newspaper article that called for democratic reforms in politics. His lawyers plan to appeal the ruling. The operator of crippled nuclear plan in the fukushima has agreed to pay compensation to the relatives of a farmer who killed himself after the 2011 disaster. Tokyo electric Power Company will pay the family several hundred thousand dollars. He killed himself on his farm three months after the plant. His farm was near the Fukushima Daiichi plan tht. He complained that he wasnt able to ship his milk because of the accident. His wife and two sons sued tepco for compensation. The utility was planning to fight the case in court. But the two sides reached an agreement. It included a confirmation that tepco would not have to apologize in the settlement papers. His wife issued a statement saying shes not satisfied with the terms but decided to go along with them because life has been so hard after losing her husband. She said she wants her children to have a peaceful life again as soon as possible. Tepco officials said they wl pray for condos soul but said legal issues prevent them from making further comments. Japans government unveiled first guidelines for evacuation shelters in case of volcanic activity. This follows last years ddly eruption when dozens of climbers died. The shelters would help protect people from flying rocks. The guidelines say shelters must be able to withstand the impact of projectiles up to 10 centimeters across at a speed of more than 300 kilometers an hour. This requires the shelters roof and walls to be made of more than 20 centimeter thick reinforced concrete. Officials say the proposed shelters will not protect from larger rocks or lava flows. According to the guidelines, covering the cabins in special fiber could accomplish the task. Translator we have a lot of private mountain cabins. So it is a big challenge for municipalities to reinforce them. Debris left 63 people dead or missing near the crater of mt mt. Ontaki when it suddenly erupted last year because they had nowhere to hide. 12 of the 47 most active volcanos in japan had shelter as of 2014. Its currently 14 degrees celsius or 57 degrees fahrenheit. Still experiencing a very mild winter. We have this evenings weather update. Hurricane force wind gusts happen across the uk in the stastan Scandinavian Peninsula over the weekend. 130 kilometer wind gusts are reported in poland and significant damage was reported in austria. Unfortunately, windy conditions will likely continue as you see the isobars are close to one another. Watch out for strong winds. As opposed to that, staying calm d fight mild across the western portions of the continent. Temperatures are going to be warmer than normal. Madrid, should be 10 degrees during this time of year. Warming up to 15 degrees on tuesday. Staying that way into thursday and paris where cop21 is taking place, you see the high of 13 degrees on tuesday with a chance of some rainfall and staying dry on wednesday as well as thursday. Now, lets go to south africa. Dry, extremely dry and warm conditions are leading to severe drought in south africa. These are pictures coming out of johannesburg. Five provinces in south africa have been declared a drought disaster area because of the dry season that leaves farmers in financial peril. The most affected are farmers who have been unable to harvest crops or feed livestock. Residents are urged to save water as hot water is expected to last until the end of summer. They defitely need rainfall. We may see thundershowers on wednesday and thursday as well but its not enough to make a den the. Lets go to the south of india. We have been talking about significant flooding. More rain is expected for the next couple of days. But across the north, staying dry. But people in new delhi are experiencing another issue. We have some video coming out of new delhi. New delhi was engulfed in smog monday making it difficult for residents to breathe. The air quality typically drops this time of year in indias capital because of increased use of and trapping of pollution particles due to colder air higher in the sky. Talks are progressing in paris. Indias Prime Minister is among the participants. The government has not raised any alarms over the current air quality situation. Now, take a look at this graphic. Yellow and also red and orange indicate the air pollution is fight bad. And that includes the beijing area. People in beijing are experiencing the worst air quality level for this two days in a row. This was the scene coming out of beijing on monday. Visibility dropped less than 100 meters. Staying the same way as we go into wednesday. Meanwhile, snow is expected across northeastern portions of china and rain is expected in seoul on wednesday and it should be turned into snow as we go into thuday. As for the temperatures and weather for japan, its going to be staying dry in tokyo on wednesday. Showers expected on thursday. But very warm on thursday. Heres the extended forecast. Hope the weather is looking u1 we must not think about it. It could happen again. We must live day by day. Bali, a hindu enclave of the land of islam, has been the worst of the september at gas of the attack since a timber 11. That is all for this we posit edition to you can catch it again and on previous editions france24. Com. Thank you for watching